Transition Metals Flashcards
What is the colour of the solution formed by the [Fe(H2O)6]3+ complex
Purple Solution that appears brown.
What is the colour of the solution formed by the [Fe(H2O)6]2+ complex
Green Solution
What is the colour of the solution formed by the[Cu(H2O)6]3+ complex
Blue Solution
What is the colour of the solution formed by the [Al(H2O)6]3+ complex
Colourless Solution
What is the shape of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ complex
Octahedral
What is the shape of [Fe(Cl)4]2- complex
tetrahedral
Why is [Fe(Cl)4]2- tetrahedral
The Cl- ions are too big to fit more than 4 around a transition metals
What shape of complex does Ag+ form?
Linear
What is the formula of the platin complex?
Pt(NH3)2(Cl)2
What is the shape of the cisplatin complex and what is the oxidation state of Pt in the complex
Square Planar - Pt2+
State the two bidentate ligands
NH2CH2CH2NH2 and C2O42-
Give the formula of the complex formed between Cu2+ and C2O42-
[Cu(C2O4)3]4-
Draw the complex of Ni2+ and NH2CH2CH2NH2
Which type of isomerism does the following complex display?
Cis -
Which type of isomerism does the following complex display?
Trans isomerism
Give an example of a multidentate ligand.
EDTA4-
Define chelate effect.
The substitution of a monodentate ligand for a bi or multidentate ligand to form a more stable complex.
What is the heterogeneous catalysist in the Contact process
V2O5
What is the heterogeneous catalyst used in the Haber process
Solid Fe (Iron)
Define autocayalysis
When a reaction is catalysed by a product of that reaction
When balancing half equations what species should MnO4- be converted to?
Mn2+
When balancing half equations what species should (C2O4)2- be converted to?
CO2
When balancing half equations what species should (Cr2O7)2- be converted to?
Cr3+
When balancing half equations what species should (S2O8)2- be converted to?
(SO4)2-
Define heterogeneous catalysis
where the catalyst is in a different phase to the reactants
Define homogeneous catalysis
where the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactants
Describe the 3 steps of heterogeneous catalysis
(1)Reactants** adsorb** onto the surface of the catalyst on an active site.
(2) Reaction occurs on the surface of the catalyst
(3) Products desorb from the surface if the catalyst
What happens to a catalyst when it is poisoned?
- Impurities can block the active sites.
- This prevents the reactants from adsorbing
- Purifying the reactants is the best way to prevent poisoning.
What is the equation for the energy difference between d orbitals?
∆E = hf
Where ∆E = Change in Energy
h = Planck Constant 6.626x10-34
f = Frequency of Light (Hz)
∆E = hc/l
Where ∆E = Change in Energy
h = Planck Constan
In terms of electrons, explain why an aqueous solution of cobalt(II) sulfate has a red colour.
(Blue) light is absorbed (from incident white light)
Due to electrons moving to higher levels/electrons excited
Red light (that) remains (is transmitted)
With reference to electrons, explain why aqueous copper(II) ions are blue.
red light absorbed
d electrons excited / promoted
or d electrons move between levels / orbitals
the colour observed is the light transmitted
Explain why complexes formed from transition metal ions are coloured.
M1 absorb (some) wavelengths/frequencies/colours/energies of (visible) light
M2 to promote/excite electrons in d-orbitals
M3 remaining wavelengths/frequencies/colours/energies of (visible) lighttransmitted (to give colour seen)
