Polymers and Amino Acids Flashcards
Define an addition polymer
a long chain formed from many monomers
and no other product is formed
What type of polymer is made many monomers
and no other product is formed
An addition polymer
Define a condensation polymer
monomer molecules join to form a larger chain with a small molecule such as H2O or HCl being released
What type of polymer is formed when monomer molecules join to form a larger chain with a small molecule such as H2O or HCl being released
a condensation polymer
What are the two types of condensation polymers?
Polyester and polyamide
What type of polymerisation forms polyesters and polyamides?
Condensation polymerisation
What type of polymer has a non-polar carbon chain?
Addition polymers
Why can’t addition polymers be hydrolysed and therefore are not biodegradable?
They have a strongly bonded non-polar carbon chain
Which type of polymer is biodegradable?
Condensation polymers are biodegradable
Why are condesation polymers biodegradable?
The delta positive C of the polar C=O bond can be attacked by nucleophiles
Give one repeat unit
terylene
Draw two repeat units of kevlar
Name the monomers
benzene-1,4-diamine
benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid.
How many waters are formed when a condensation polymer made from 2 types of monomer is made?
2n-1
Name the repeated units used to make nylon 6,6
1,6-diaminohexane
Hexane-1,6-dicarboxylic acid
Which two functional groups are need to make a polyester?
Alcohol and a Carboxylic Acid (or Acyl Chloride)
Which two functional groups are need to make a polyamine?
An Amine and a Carboxylic Acid (or Acyl Chloride)
What are the hydroylsis products of terylene in alkali/acid conditions?
What are the hydroylsis products of nylon 6,6 in alkali/acid conditions
What is the term for the group highlighted in yellow?
R group
Which of the groups in yellow reacts at neutral pH
None, at neutral pH a zwitterion form and the R group does not react
When does an amino acid form a zwitterion?
At neutral pH
Why do zwitterions have a high melting point?
They have ionic bonding
Draw the zwitterion of aspartic acid
Draw aspartic acid at high pH
Draw aspartic acid in NaOH
Draw lysine at low pH
Draw lysine in HCl
What type of protien structure is illustrated here?
Secondary
Secondary structures include alpha helix and beta pleated sheets which a
What type of protien structure is illustrated by the sequence
-Ala - Lys - Asp - Ser - Ala- ?
Primary
Primary structure is the sequence of indiviual amino acids that make up
What type of bonding is illustrated here?
How does it occur?
Hydrogen Bonding
electron deficient H
attracts the lone pair on the O
What type of bond determines tertiary protien structure?
Disulfide Bond
Cysteine can form a special type of bond - what is it?
Disulfide Bond
What type of protien structure is represented here?
Tertiary Structure
It shows further folding of the secondary structures and contains disulf
What type of bond is a disulfide bond?
A covalent bond between 2 sulfur atoms from two different cystiene amino acids
How does a peptide bond form between two amino acids?
How do you hydrolyse a peptide/protien?
Boil for 24 hours
6 moldm-3 HCl Cat
