Transition after Birth

Question 1

Normal Neonatal Heart Rate

Answer 1

120 - 180 bpm

Question 2

Neonatal Bradycardia

Answer 2

Less than 100 bpm

Question 3

Stimulates Breathing

Answer 3

-During delivery, as the cord is compressed, the PaO2 drops and
PaCO2 increases causing asphyxia.
– Stimulates the chemoreceptors to signal brain to breath.
– The compression of the thorax during delivery and re-expansion helps draw in air.
– The natural recoil of the lung as the thorax re-expands can create negative pressures as high as - 100 cwp.
– The negative pressure also helps overcome the initial forces to open alveoli.
– Environmental factors such as crying, cold and bright lights further stimulate respirations.

Question 4

Change in Pressures in the pulmonary and systemic vascular systems

Answer 4

– When umbilical cord is clamped, blood flow stops to placenta and is redirected to lower extremities
– Increases the systemic vascular resistance (SVR).
– The increase in pressure is reflected back to the arterial system and to the left ventricle of the heart.
– When neonate starts to breath, the PVR is lowered
– by increasing the PaO2 causes pulm vasodilation and
– inflation of the lungs
– As PVR decreases and pressure in right heart decreases
– Pressure on the Left heart increase

Question 5

What causes stunts to close

Answer 5

Ductus Arteriosus - The increased arterial oxygen tension and decrease in blood flow through the ductus
Ductus Venosus - Increasing PaO2 levels causing smooth muscles to contract. Decrease in ductal prostaglandin once cord is clamped
Foramen Ovale - As PVR decreases and pressure in right heart decreases. Pressure on the Left heart increases

Question 6

Terms used to describe maternal pregnancy history

Answer 6

– G (gravida) is the number of pregnancies
– Primigravida - 1st pregnancy
– P (parity) is the number of live births.
– Multiparous - more than one delivery