Transfusion-Transmitted Disease

Question 1

1. Which of the following plays an important part in prevention of transfusion-transmitted disease?
   a. donor history
   b. testing
   c. self-exclusion
   d. all of the above

Answer 1

d. all of the above

Question 2

2. Which of the following is not usually spread parenterally?
   a. hepatitis A
   b. hepatitis B
   c. hepatitis C
   d. hepatitis D

Answer 2

a. hepatitis A

Question 3

3. Blood banks began testing for the hepatitis B core antibody and performing ALT levels as a surrogate test for:
   a. hepatitis A
   b. hepatitis B
   c. hepatitis C
   d. hepatitis D

Answer 3

c. hepatitis C

Question 4

4. Which of the following is an incomplete virus and is present only when hepatitis B infection is present?
   a. hepatitis A
   b. hepatitis B
   c. hepatitis C
   d. hepatitis D

Answer 4

d. hepatitis D

Question 5

5. Which of the following is true of hepatitis B vaccination?
   a. the vaccine is made in a bacterium
   b. the vaccine is made in a yeast
   c. the vaccine can transmit HIV
   d. the vaccine is given in a single-shot dose

Answer 5

b. the vaccine is made in a yeast

Question 6

6. Which of the following tests is positive during the window period of infection with hepatitis B?
   a. hepatitis B surface antigen
   b. hepatitis B surface antibody
   c. hepatitis B core antibody
   d. hepatitis C antibody

Answer 6

c. hepatitis B core antibody

Question 7

7. HIV is pathogenic for which of the following cells?
   a. T4 cell
   b. T8 cell
   c. monocytes
   d. nerve cells

Answer 7

a. T4 cell

Question 8

8. Which of the following products does not transmit
   hepatitis?
   a. packed red cells
   b. fresh frozen plasma
   c. platelets
   d. plasma protein fraction

Answer 8

d. plasma protein fraction

Question 9

9. HIV seropositivity is highly prevalent in all of the following except:
   a. intravenous drug users
   b. homosexuals
   c. hemophiliacs
   d. health-care workers

Answer 9

d. health-care workers

Question 10

10. Which of the following is not true of retroviruses?
    a. they contain reverse transcriptase
    b. they contain identical strands of RNA
    c. they contain identical strands of DNA
    d. they include oncoviruses and lentiviruses

Answer 10

c. they contain identical strands of DNA

Question 11

11. Which of the following tests are used to supplement
    a reactive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test
    for HIV?
    a. Western blot
    b. immunofluorescent assay
    c. rapid plasma reagin
    d. both a and b

Answer 11

d. both a and b

Question 12

12. Most individuals infected with HIV acquired it through:
    a. blood transfusion
    b. sexual contact
    c. perinatally
    d. none of the above

Answer 12

b. sexual contact

Question 13

13. Cytomegalovirus-positive blood is dangerous for which
    of the following?
    a. pregnant women who are seronegative
    b. immunosuppressed individuals
    c. neonates
    d. all of the above

Answer 13

d. all of the above

Question 14

14. Individuals who have received injections of human
    growth hormone are permanently deferred from blood
    donation because of the possible transmission of an
    agent responsible for which of the following diseases?

a. AIDS
b. hepatitis
c. Creutzfeldt Jakob–disease
d. infectious mononucleosis

Answer 14

c. Creutzfeldt Jakob–disease

Question 15

15. Which of the following organisms grows well in the cold
    and especially likes the iron-rich environment of stored
    blood?
    a. Escherichia coli
    b. hepatitis B virus
    c. malarial organisms
    d. Yersinia enterocolitica

Answer 15

d. Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 16

16. Which of the following explains why bacterial contamination of blood is rarely a problem?
    a. the cold storage temperature of blood is not conducive to bacterial growth
    b. the citrate in the anticoagulant is not conducive to
    bacterial growth
    c. the arm preparation ensures that most bacteria are
    removed
    d. all of the above

Answer 16

d. all of the above

Question 17

17. Lyme disease is spread by:
    a. a mosquito
    b. a tick
    c. water
    d. none of the above

Answer 17

b. a tick

Question 18

18. Donor history is the primary way the United States
    excludes units that may be infected with which of the
    following?
    a. HIV
    b. HTLV-I
    c. syphilis
    d. malaria

Answer 18

d. malaria

Question 19

19. Chagas disease can be transmitted by blood infected
    with:
    a. Treponema pallidum
    b. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
    c. Yersinia enterocolitica
    d. Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 19

d. Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 20

20. Which of the following has dramatically reduced the
    likelihood of window period transmission?
    a. donor questioning
    b. implementation of NAT
    c. Western blot testing
    d. none of the above

Answer 20

b. implementation of NAT