Transfusion Therapy Flashcards
What is the best-tolerated form of transplantation in humans?
Red blood cells
Why is whole blood contraindicated for patients with severe chronic anemia?
The patients plasma volume is increased
The pathologic cause of a decreased red blood cell mass include(s)
- compromised bone marrow production
- decreased red blood cell survival
- bleeding as a result of trauma
Why is red blood cell transfusion contraindicated in a stable patient with chronic renal failure who has no symptoms except after climbing three flights of stairs?
The anemia is compensated
Neonatal exchange transfusion is performed using which blood preservative?
CPDA-1
What blood component is responsible for most allergic reactions?
plasma
Platelets prepared from what are referred to as random donor platelets?
Whole blood
One unit of random platelets should increase the platelet count by:
5000 to 10000 per uL
How is donor platelet survival determined in the recipient?
platelet count increment - 1 hour after transfusion
Which of the following is not an indication for fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion?
Factor VIII deficiency
Why is fresh frozen plasma (FFP) indicated for women with HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets)?
reverses symptoms of patients by infusion of unknown plasma substance
Liquid plasma is not indicated for factor __________ deficiency?
V
Cryoprecipitate antihemophilic factor (AHF) contains factor VIII. What other coagulation factor is present?
I
What disease state may require exogenous fibrinogen replacement?
Liver failure
DIC
Factor IX concentrates contain which factors (otherwise known as “prothrombin complex”)?
II, VII, IX, X
In what disease state is acquired antithrombin III deficiency manifested?
DIC
How does 25% albumin induce diuresis in liver dincisease patients?
albumin solution reacts with diuretics and bring extravascular water into vascular space to dilute albumin
What is the immunologic principle of RhIg administration?
Anti-D attaches to the Rh negative cells of the infant in maternal circulation and are removed by the reticuloendothelial system before the mother is sensitized
All of the following are consistent with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) except:
Transplantation of naive T lymphs
What is the advantage of performing a type and screen for patients scheduled for surgery instead of crossmatching units for possible transfusion?
increases the availability of donor units in inventory
Which of the following Rh-negative patients may permit transfusion of Rh-positive units when few O-negative units are available in an emergency?
middle aged man ( can’t get pregnant to cause HDFN later)
Why are fresh blood units (younger than 5 days) preferred for a neonate transfusion?
reduce the risk of hyperkalemia
Why do liver transplant patients require plasma?
most coag factors are produced in the liver
Which blood product is used in the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
cryoprecipitate
platelets
plasma
