Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Heme > Transfusion Medicine > Flashcards

Transfusion Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Sig anemia is considered?

A

<7 hgb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How old is fresh whole blood?

A

<24hr old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fresh whole blood provides?

A

Oxygen carrying capacity
Volume expansion
(RBCs, WBCs, PLTs, plasma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indications for fresh whole blood?

A

Cardiac surgery or massive bleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fresh whole blood requires what of a donor?

A

Exact blood match

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MC transfused blood product is?

A

pRBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

1 unit pRBCs raises h/h how much?

A

Hgb - 1.0g/dL

Hct - 3-4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1 unit of pRBCs provides how much volume expansion?

A

300mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a common cause of post-transplant infection/GVH dz?

A

CMV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benefit of filtering out WBCs from RBCs ? (Leukocyte reduced)

A

Reduces chances of forming antibodies to donor WBC’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Leukoagglutinization is?

A

Formation of antibodies to donor WBC antigens which causes febrile non-hemolytic rxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CMV or Leukocyte reduced filtered RBC indications?

A

Prior febrile non-hemolytic transfusion rxn
Undergoing cardiovascular surgery
Potential transplant candidate
Chronically transfused pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Frozen RBCs are good for?

A

Maintaining a supply of rare Blood types (expensive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How long is frozen RBCs good for?

A

Up to 10years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Irradiated RBC’s means?

A

WBCs are completely eliminated from RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Irradiated RBC’s are reserved for?

A

Immunocompromised pts at risk of transfusion associated graft vs host Dz (TA-GVH Dz)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

TA-GVH dz occurs when?

A

Donor T-cells recognize host HLA antigens as foreign and attacks w/ immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Platelet unit volume?

A

50mL/unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

1 unit apheresis platelets equals?

A

6 units of whole blood-derived platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Apheresis process is?

A

Whole blood is filtered to separate a particular component

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

1 Unit of PLTs should do what to PLT count?

A

Increase it by 5-10k w/in 1hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Platelet refractoriness is?

A

Failure of the platelet count to rise w/in 1 hr (<5k)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Platelet refractoriness is caused by?

A 
Fever
Sepsis/Infection
Active bleeding
Splenomegaly
Alloimmunization
ABO mismatch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

FFP is?

A

Seperated plasma from whole blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

FFP contains what?

A

All coagulation factors

26
Q

FFP indications?

A

active bleeding or high risk of bleeding

27
Q

I unit FFP volume expansion amount?

A

200-250mL

28
Q

Cryo is essentially?

A

Subspecialized version of FFP w/ high concentraions of F8, F13, vWF, Fibrinogen, fibronectin.

29
Q

Cryo volume amount?

A

20mL

30
Q

Cryo indications

A

Replacement of coag factors esp, Von Williebrands Dz or severe DIC

31
Q

Type and cross is tested ro avoid what?

A

hemolytic transfusion rxn

32
Q

Type O donor can give blood to?

A

O, A, B, AB recipient

33
Q

Type A donor can give blood to?

A

A, AB recipient

34
Q

Type B donor can give blood to?

A

B, AB recipient

35
Q

Type AB donor can give blood to?

A

AB recipient

36
Q

Universal donor is?

A

O negative

37
Q

Universal recipient is?

A

AB positive

38
Q

Transfusion complication types

A

Non-hemolyic - febrile non-hemolytic rxn
Hemolytic - acute hemolytic, delayed hemolytic rxn
Blood product contamination
Transfusion ass/w infections

39
Q

MC transfusion rxn?

A

Febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion rxn.

leukoagglutination reaction

40
Q

Febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion rxn physiology?

A

Small amounts of donor WBCs transfused into pts w/ prior sensitization. (leukoagglutination)

41
Q

Febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion rxn presents as

A

MC - Mild fever and chills w/in 12hrs

Sev - Dyspnea w/ cough, pulmonary infiltrates

42
Q

Febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion rxn occurs MC in what blood product?

A

pRBCs

43
Q

What happens to H/H w/ Febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion rxn

A

it rises

44
Q

TXT of Febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion rxn

A

Benadryl
APAP
CCS

45
Q

Acute hemolytic transfusion rxn (AHTR) occurs when?

A

Mismatched ABO/Rh blood is given resulting in intravascular hemolysis

46
Q

MC reason for AHTR to happen is?

A

Clerical error

47
Q

AHTR severity is dependent on?

A

volume transfused w/ most severe usually happening during surgery under general anesthesia

48
Q

AHTR classic S/S

A

Fevers, Rigors, HOTN, HA, Back pain, +- pain at site

General anesthesia pts - Oliguria/generalized bld

Sev - acute renal failure (ATN) circulatory shock, DIC

49
Q

Delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn is typically delayed how long?

A

5-10d

50
Q

What is the reason for the delay in -delayed hemolytic rxn- ?

A

less antigen/antibody response

recipient = low alloanitbody levels (not ID’d in screen)

51
Q

Delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn results in?

A

less hemolytic response that occurs several days post transfusion (AKA- Anamnestic response)

52
Q

Delayed hemolytic transfusion rxn causes what type of hemolysis?

A

Extravascular hemolysis (in spleen)

53
Q

Blood product contamination is usually due to what type of organisms?

A

GN (can be GP however)

54
Q

Blood product contamination usually occurs w/ what type of product?

A

PLT’s - stored at room temperature

55
Q

Blood product contamination rxn S/S

A

Septic shock, Acute DIC, Acute kidney injury due to endotoxins from organism (usually fatal)

56
Q

MC documented organism w/ Blood product contamination?

A

Yersinia enterolytica

57
Q

GP Blood product contamination S/S

A

fever/bacteremia - rarely sepsis

58
Q

Transfusion ass/w infections

A

Hep B
Hep C
HTLV - (antibody to T-cell/leukemic virus)
HIV

59
Q

Massive transfusion means?

A

Pt received >50% of own blood volume w/in 24hrs

>10 units pRBCs w/in 24hrs

60
Q

Massive transfusion will always require?

A

Plasma replacement (FFP usually), PLTs

61
Q

Massive transfusion complications

A 
Coagulopathy (req FFP/Cryo)
Dilutional thrombocytopenia (req PLT's)
Metabolic acidosis
Hypocalcemia
Hypothermia
Hyperkalemia
62
Q

Massive transfusion recommendation

A

1:1:1
FFP:pRBC:PLT

Heme (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions