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Heme > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of tissue is blood?

A

Liquid connective tissue

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2
Q

3 general fx of blood?

A

Transport - gases, nutrients, hormones, waste
Regulate - pH, temp, osmotic pressure
Protect - clotting, wbc, proteins

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3
Q

Physical attributes of blood?

A

Temp - 100.4
pH - 7.35-7.45
Color - bright (o2) dark (unsat)
Volume - 5L

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4
Q

Blood components

A

Plasma 55%

Formed elements 45%

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5
Q

Blood plasma composition

A

Pale yellow
Watery
Ions
Proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen)

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6
Q

Formed elements components

A

Cells and their fragments
Rbc
Wbc
Plt

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7
Q

Tests of the RBCs?

A

Rbc count
H/h
Rbc indices

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8
Q

Tests of the WBCs?

A

Wbc count
Wbc diff
PLT

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9
Q

Methods to exam blood

A

Smear

CBC

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10
Q

SCA dx lab test?

A

Smear

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11
Q

Short hand CBC

A

Wbc hbg/hct plt

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12
Q

Hematopoiesis def

A

Production, development, differentiation, maturation of all cells

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13
Q

Hematopoiesis That occurs in bone marrow is called?

A

Medullary hematopoiesis

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14
Q

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis occurs where?

A

3% - Outside bone marrow in liver, spleen, thymus, MALT, etc

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15
Q

Stem cells are

A

Cells that have the ability to develop into any tissue of the human body

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16
Q

Stem cells distinct properties

A

Self-renewal
Multiple lineages
Proliferation potential

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17
Q

Hematopoietic growth factors purpose

A

Regulate the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells

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18
Q

Hematopoietic Growth factor types

A

Erythropoietin - stim RBC
Thrombopoietin - stim PLT
Colony-stimulatiung factors and interleukins stim WBC

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19
Q

Where is erythropoietin synthesized

A

Kidney

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20
Q

Where is thrombopoietin synthesized?

A

Liver

21
Q

Blood stem cells are divded into what lineages?

A

Myeloid

Lymphoid

22
Q

Hematologic stems cells provide?

A

Continuous renewable lifetime supply of req blood cells

23
Q

What stimulates the release of EPO from kidneys?

A

Hypoxia

24
Q

RBC life span

A

120d before removal by reticuloendothelial system (spleen)

25
Q

Anemia means?

A

Low RBC H/H

26
Q

Retic count may elevated in response to?

A

Anemia

BM trying to Maintain tissue perfusion

27
Q

Each RBC contains how many hgb?

A

280mil

28
Q

Hgb NL chain composition

A

2 alpha

2 beta

29
Q

Each hgb chain contains what? Purpose?

A

Ferrous iron in a heme ring binding reversibly to O2

30
Q

What is the best indicator of O2 carrying capacity

A

Hgb

31
Q

Hct is

A

% total blood volume occupied by RBCs

32
Q

MCV is?

A

Avg size of RBCs
Microcytic <80
Normocytic 80-100
Macrocytitc >100

33
Q

RDW is?

A

Est size range of RBCs

Higher number the greater the size difference

34
Q

Reticuloendothelial sys is? Components?

A

Dumpster sys for removing aged/damaged RBCs
90% extravascular - spleen
10% intravascular

35
Q

RBC components outcome w/in extravascular RES sys (spleen)

A

Heme > bili > iron
Iron recycled to BM via transferrin
Bili returned to liver via ALB for conjugation and secretion in gut as bile to aid fat digestion

36
Q

RBC components outcome w/in intravascular RES sys

A

RBCs are released w/in circulatory sys

Free hgb is bound by haptoglobin and returned to liver

37
Q

Granular WBCs

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

38
Q

AGranular WBCs

A

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

39
Q

MC WBC?

A

Neutrophil - bulk of purulence when fighting infection

40
Q

Eosinophils purpose

A

Allergic rxn and parasituc infections

41
Q

Basophils purpose

A

Intensify inflam response by releasing

  • heparin
  • Histamine
  • Serotonin
42
Q

Largest WBC

A

Monocytes

43
Q

B-cell lymph purpose

A

Destroy bacteria via humoral sys by producing antibodies

44
Q

T-cell lymph purpose

A

Destroy viruses, fungi, transplant cells, cancer cells by releasing cytokines

45
Q

Natural killer lymph purpose

A

Destroys infections and malignant cells (anything)

46
Q

Leukocytosis main causes? >11.3

A 
Infection
Inflam
Stress (pt, surgery, fx)
Medical SE’s (CCS)
BM D/O (leukemia)
47
Q

PLTs purpose

A

Helps stop blood loss by forming plt plug by releasing granules w/ clot promoting chemicals.

48
Q

Plt life span?

A

5-9d

49
Q

Are PLTs considered an acute phase reactant?

A

Yes

Heme (8 decks)

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