Transformation Of The War Flashcards
What was the consequence of the failure in the Paris summit? (1960)
Ultimatum issued by USSR for west to leave Berlin was not solved and wall was issued
Why was the Berlin Wall made? (1961)
•Brain drain: many defected to west
(3.5 mill migrated)
•propaganda defeat
•living standards/wealth better in west than east
•2 solve refugee crisis
What was Impact of the wall on the west?
•JFK= wall was better that war/I am a Berliner so west= symbol of freedom
•no. of military alerts in Berlin declined- eased tension
•USA committed to fight communism
•propaganda victory
What was the Impact of the wall on USSR/East?
•solved brain drain=halted loss of skilled ppl/ wealth +
•humiliated+ propaganda loss
•JFK weak to allow wall, encouraged him to think to deploy missiles Cuba
•soviets given up on unifying Berlin under communism
What happened after Castro became leader of Cuba?
•USA cut all diplomatic ties with them= banned all trade
•Cuba became dependent on USSR for trade + protection
What were the events of the bay of pigs?
•Cuban exiles helped by CIA to invade
•castro was prepared so 1,400 soldiers met with 20,000 Cubans= surrendered
What were the consequences of the bay of pigs?
•exiles released for £53 ml of food+medicine
•JFK seen as weak, krushchev would exploit this
•castro=communist
•missiles in Cuba for protection
What happened in the Cuban missile crisis?
•JFK blockaded Cuba=“quarantine zone”
•any conflict=nuclear war
•”13 days” waited in brink of WW3
What were the short term outcomes of Cuban missile crisis?
•USA secretly removes Turkey missiles, JFK = winner
•USSR removes missiles publicly to show world ☮️ = weak, Kh replaced by Brezhnev
What were the long term outcomes of Cuban missile crisis?
•move towards Dentene
•Hotline
•Limited Test ban Treaty = only underground
What were conditions like before Dubcek in Czechoslovakia?
Poor living standards and economy low
What were Dubcek’s reforms?
•censorship relaxed
•more political parties
•secret police reduced, no arrests without trial
•”market socialism” cap
What were the responses to Dubcek’s reforms?
+=workers and students happy
-=•older feared death of communism
•Brezhnev feared reforms elsewhere e.g Poland student protests began
•1st did nothing = unsure
What happened in Prague spring 1968?
•troops from Warsaw Pact invaded and intimidated unprepared ppl
•”normalisation” removing Dubcek’s reforms
•Dubcek arrested, set free
•Brezhnev Doctrine
What is the Brezhnev Doctrine?
Warsaw Pact could/would use force in order to maintain communism in Eastern Europe
