Development Of Cold War Flashcards
What is a proxy war?
Battleground the Cold War was played out on, where USSR + USA were involved through giving soldiers, weapons and supplies
What was the impact of china becoming communist in the west? (1949)
•failure of containment
•£ to nearby Taiwan/Japan
•refused to acknowledge CCP as china’s official gov (USSR boycotted the UN)
What was the impact of china becoming communist in the east?
•treaty of friendship to develop + protect china e.g £300 mill aid= high interest and on soviet products
•Maoism focused on rural, while USSR= city workers
What was the outcome of the Korean War? (1950)
•remained divided in 38th parallel= no change
•USSR returned to their seat in the UN
•US soldiers in Korea= near china
•SEATO (Asian nato) for protection e.g Pakistan
What was decided at the Geneva conference and why was it a fail?
North= communist, south= cap
-Where they would be reunited by an election
-Ho chi min was popular compared to Diem (corrupt) so communism would win so America broke their agreements
Why was Vietnam winning and how did USA respond?
•Vietcong fought with guerrilla warfare
= successful tactics + Ho Chi Minh trail allowed equipments/reinforcements to south
•US= violence on civilians/ my lai massacre (300/400*)= unpopular
•new look policy gave support to south with £ + advisors
What were the consequences of the arms race?
•USA could use it as a deterrent against USSR
•MAD= world destruction
•brinkmanship=pushing events to edge of real conflict
•defence £ increases e.g ‘duck + cover’= response to an attack
What was the development of the Arms race?
•1945 vs 1949 USSR has atomic bomb
•1952 H-bomb by USA (1000* stronger) vs 1953
•1958 ICBM (fired 5,500 km)
•USSR took lead in the race
What are the reasons for the space race?
•propaganda:show country+ideology was better than other
•military rivalry: same tech used to develop nuclear weapons
What were the developments of the space race?
•1957 Sputnik was launched (same rocket used to carry atomic bomb)
•59 US had Polaris submarines= fire missiles from sea
•Apollo programme= Armstrong to 🌚
What was important about NATO + Warsaw Pact?
•USA gave funds to improve military forces of allies+ US troops and bases = direct threat to USSR
• USSR strengthened control over East
•USSR had direct control of armed forces of satellite states
•both planned military action against other
•’collective security’= small tension could ignite into global war
2 armed military alliances divided
Why did the Hungarian uprising occur in 1956?
•Khrushchev announced ‘destalinisation’ = peacefully coexist with west
•food shortages + bad conditions
•Nagy as prime minister
What were the consequences on Nagy becoming prime minister?
Extreme:
•end 1 party rule
•leave Warsaw Pact = led to anti communist riots
(Threatened soviet control as others could follow and ‘buffer’ would be wiped)
What was USSR’s response to Hungary?
•invasion: 200,000 men in tanks to Budapest, 2,500 killed
•Nagy was executed
•Kadar: ‘15 point programme’ to re-establish communism but more liberal
What were the international reactions to the USSR’s response in Hungary?
•UN condemned + boycotted olympics
•USA £ + 80,000 refugees
= satellite states saw that USA/West would not risk war to protect them
