Transcription / Translation

Question 0

Where does transcription take place? Where does translation take place?

Answer 0

Transcription - Nucleus

Translation - Cytoplasm

Question 1

What is the basic overview of transcription and translation?

Answer 1

DNA -> RNA -> Protein

Question 2

What is created by transcription?

Answer 2

mRNA

Question 3

What is created by translation?

Answer 3

A specific protein

Question 4

How many animo acids are there?

Answer 4

20

Question 5

What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

Answer 5

DNA - double helix / thymine / deoxyribose sugar

RNA - single strand / uracil / ribose sugar

Question 6

What is the process of transcription (DNA -> RNA)?

Answer 6

1) Initiation - RNA Polymerase binds promoter to region of DNA (starting point)
2) Elongation - Polymerase makes RNA from DNA template
3) Termination - It finishes

Question 7

Name the 3 types of RNA and their functions. What do they all have in common?

Answer 7

mRNA - Messenger
rRNA - Ribosome
tRNA - Transfer
All work together to make protein

Question 8

What is an exon? What is an intron

Answer 8

Exon - Coding region

Intron - Non-Coding Region

Question 9

What has to happen before RNA can leave the nucleus? What are the steps?

Answer 9

It needs to be processed

Question 10

What is a ribosome?

Answer 10

A big ball of rRNA

Question 11

What is codon? What is an anti-codon?

Answer 11

Codon - 3 bases of mRNA
Anti-Codon - 3 bases on tRNA
They bind together

Question 12

Describe a tRNA

Answer 12

• Shaped like a ‘t’
• One end has a specific animo acid
• Other end has 3 specific bases (anti-codon)

Question 13

Where does translation begin? Where does it end?

Answer 13

Starts at the start codon (AUG)

Ends at the ‘stop’ codon