DNA Replication

Question 0

What is the basic DNA structure

Answer 0

A sugar (deoxyribose or ribose), a phosphate group, and a base (A, T, C, G, U)

Question 1

What phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur in?

Answer 1

The S-Phase

Question 2

What does the parent strand do during replication?

Answer 2

Serves as a template for the new strand

Question 3

What is it called when a DNA molecule is made up of one parent strand and one daughter strand?

Answer 3

Semi-conservative model

Question 4

Name the three enzymes and their functions

Answer 4

Helicase - Unwinds the DNA / Unzips your genes
Polymerase - Adds complimentary nucleotides to make new DNA - Proofreads / Fixes mistakes
Ligase - Connects DNA fragments

Question 5

What is the starting point of replication?

Answer 5

The replication fork - Where the helicase unzips it

Question 6

What direction does polymerase travel in? What does this do?

Answer 6

5’-3’

Polymerase has to travel in opposite direction of fork - making only fragments at a time.

Question 7

What is the lagging strand? What is the leading strand?

Answer 7

Lagging strand - moves 3’-5’ - can only make fragments at a time
Leading Strand - moves 5’-3’ - makes a continuous strand

Question 8

What are the 3 steps in DNA replication?

Answer 8

1) Helicase unwinds DNA
2) Polymerase makes new DNA (5’-3’)
3) Polymerase proofreads DNA