Transcription And Translation

Question 1

Where does transcription happen in eukaryotic cells

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Where does transcription happen in prokaryotes

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

Steps of transcription

Answer 3

1. RNA polymerase attaches to dna
   Hydrogen bonds between the two dna strands break and the dna uncoils exposing some of the bases one of the stands used as a template to make an mrna copy

Complementary rna formed
RNA polymerase lined up nucleotides along the exposed bases free bases attached to exposed ones with complementary base pairing

RNA polymerase moves down the dna strand
Assembles the mrna strand hydrogen bonds reform and once the polymerase has passed could back up again

RNA polymerase reaches stop signal
Stops making mrna and detaches from dna

Question 4

What is splicing

Answer 4

Where introns are removed and exons are joined together. Happens after transcription and before translation

Question 5

Why is pre mrna

Answer 5

Mrna strand containing introns and exons

Question 6

Term used for when one amino acid coded for more than one codon

Answer 6

Degenerate

Question 7

Names of enzymes involved in protein synthesis

Answer 7

RNA polymerase

Helicase

Question 8

Steps of translation

Answer 8

Mrna attaches to ribosome and tRNA carries amino acids to it

Trna with an anticodon complementary to codon on mrna attaches to mrna by complementary base pairing

Two amino acids attached to trna by a peptide bond trna moves away leaving amino acid

Keeps happening until a stop signal on mrna molecule