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CYTOGEN > TRANSCRIPTION > Flashcards

TRANSCRIPTION Flashcards

1
Q

where is DNA found?

A

nucleus

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2
Q

are made in the cytoplasm of
cells by organelles

A

Proteins

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3
Q

must be copied and taken to the
cytosol

A

DNA’s code

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4
Q

Carries the information for a specific protein from the DNA

A

mRNA

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5
Q

Sequence of 3 bases

A

codon

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6
Q

methionine (amino acid) or start
codon

A

AUG

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7
Q

what are the stop codons

A

UGA
UAG
UAA

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8
Q

Opposite end has three nucleotide bases called the

A

anticodon

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9
Q

Single stranded molecule with attachment site at one end for an amino acid

A

tRNA

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10
Q

The process of copying the sequence of one strand
of DNA

A

DNA transcription

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11
Q

copies the template strand

A

mRNA

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12
Q

key element in promoter

A

TATA box

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13
Q

Important for recruitment of RNA poly so that it can bind to the DNA template strand

A

Transcription Factors

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14
Q

Enhance or suppress transcription

A

Enhancers and Silencers

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15
Q

catalyzes the formation of rRNA

A

Polymerase I

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16
Q

catalyzes the formation of mRNA

A

Polymerase II

17
Q

catalyzes tRNA formation

A

Polymerase III

18
Q

binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands

A

RNA polymerase

19
Q

Regions on DNA where RNA polymerase must bind to begin the Transcription of RNA. it contains the TATA BOX

A

promoters

20
Q

Forms an apparatus that binds DNA and initiates transcription

A

transcription factors

21
Q

transcription steps

A

initiation
elongation
termination

22
Q

temporarily unzips and is used as a template to assemble complementary nucleotides into
messenger RNA (mRNA)

A

DNA transcription

23
Q

Stabilizes the IID, so it won’t be be removed

A

IIA

24
Q

Aids in start sign
selection, links the RNA poly II
(binds)

A

IIB

25
Q

Destabilizes non-specific
interactions of RNA polymerase II and DNA- so it won’t get attached to the other parts of the DNA

A

IIF

26
Q

binds in an
unphosphorylated state

A

RNA Polymerase II

27
Q

Binds to TATA box and recruits
other transcription factors

A

TFIID

28
Q

END OF INITIATION

A

ELONGATION COMPLEX

29
Q

Stop codon and the termination signals are reached

A

termination

30
Q

Function of cap: for protection

A

RNA capping

31
Q

Modifies the 3’ end of the primary transcript by the addition of a string of A’s

A

polydenylation

32
Q

Cut the introns out and attach the exons for the primary transcript/pre-mRNA to mature

A

snRNPS

33
Q

Non functional segments of DNA are snipped out of the chain

A

introns

34
Q

Segments of DNA that code for proteins, are then rejoined the enzyme ligase

A

exons

CYTOGEN (6 decks)

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