Transcription Flashcards
1
Q
Types of transcription
A
- Phonetic vs. phonemic transcription
> terms are often used interchangeably, but there is a difference!
2
Q
Broad phonemic transcription
A
- Phonemic transcription
- Aim: representation of general speech sounds (= a model of how something can be said)
> abstract idealization of reality > broad transcription
> also known as impressionistic transcription, because it is a representation of what the transcriber hears
> transcribed in //
3
Q
Narrow phonetic transcription
A
- Phonetic transcription
- aim: representation of actual speech sounds (= exactly what an individual speaker is saying)
> very accurate > narrow transcription
> also known as impressionistic transcription, because it is a representation of what the transcriber hears
> includes diacritics (= marks added to transcriptions to indicate slight alterations to the usual value of a phonetic symbol)
> Transcribed in [ ]
4
Q
Broad phonetic transcription
A
- intermediate transcription type
- combines features of narrow phonetic and broad phonemic transcription
- we will use slashes // for this transcription
5
Q
Intonation
A
- = variation or modulation of pitch
- pitch contour or pitch movement
6
Q
Pitch
A
- related to how fast the vocal folds vibrate
- the faster they vibrate, the higher the pitch
7
Q
Intonation patterns
A
- fall ()
- rise (/)
- fall-rise (v)
- rise-fall (^)
- level ( _ )
8
Q
Functions of intonation
A
- Structural
- Accentual
- Attitudinal
- Discourse
9
Q
Structural intonation
A
- indicates the grammatical or structural role of an utterance (Wortlaut)
10
Q
Accentual intonation
A
- affects the prominence of a syllable
> focusses stress on particular words in connected speech
11
Q
Attitudinal intonation
A
- indicates speaker’s personal attitude or feelings towards what they are saying
12
Q
Discourse intonation
A
- indicated turn-taking processes in conversations
