Transcript analysis Flashcards
What are the differences between written speech and spontaneous speech?
- Spontaneous speech is unplanned, it flows more naturally but less fluently. They often reflect the speakers emotions more reliably than written speeches as the speaker doesn’t have time to cross reference what is being said effectively
- Written speeches (or scripts) are different as they have been written down first, often by intelligent and qualified people. Therefore they are often more fluent and are less likely to insult
What is an idiolect mean?
This is the particular speech habits of an individual.
-It is the style of speech that someone has. Can include fillers, gestures and other features of spontaneous speech
What are paralinguistic features?
These are physical means of communication, they involve:
- Facial expressions
- Gestures
- Eye contact
- Laughter
*Paralinguistic features are often a more reliable means of indicating people emotional state as words can easily mislead us
What are prosodic features?
This is the stress or the intonation on the voice, sometimes used to emphasise speech
-It is the pitch of voice
What is ellipsis?
This is when a speaker misses out words in a sentence because the reader or listener can fill in the gaps. This requires common ground between the speaker and the reader/listener
What are fillers?
These are words with no meaning, used by the speaker to buy time when they cannot think of what to say
- There are two types of fillers (pauses)
- Filled pauses, such as ugh, umm, errr
- Unfilled pauses, these are empty pauses (silence)
What are tag questions?
These are questions that invite the reader to speak. They are used by speakers to encourage those around them to voice their opinions
Example
- Do you know what I mean?
- Can you tell me more about that?
What are false starts?
This is when the speaker say something incorrect, then starts again to correct themselves
What is accent/dialect?
An accent is the pronunciation of the speaker
-This is difficult to identify in transcripts but you can still mention it as a part of an assumption
What are deictic expressions?
These are expressions that have no meaning if not accompanied by context.
Example
- Look at that
- Over there
- I’m talking to you
What is a simple conjunction?
This is the connection of sentences with simple worlds like but or and
What is a lexis?
This is the common theme in a set of words
-This creates cohesion
What does colloquial mean?
This means the language of speech, it involves slang and other informal words and phrases
Features of spontaneous speech
- Less structure
- Spontaneous
- Disfluency features
- Informal
- Impermanent
- Non standard English
- Intemacy, interactive
- Natural
