Transboundary Diseases

Question 1

True or false.

Sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle are carriers of Foot and Mouth Disease.

Answer 1

False.

Pigs are not carriers.

Question 2

What type of hosts for FMD are sheep and goats?

Answer 2

They are maintenance hosts.

Question 3

What type of hosts for FMD are cattle?

Answer 3

Indicator hosts.

Question 4

How long are sheep and goats carriers of FMD?

Answer 4

4-6 months. Carried in pharyngeal tissue.

Question 5

How long are cattle carriers of FMD?

Answer 5

6-24 months. Carried in pharyngeal tissue.

Question 6

What are the CS of FMD in sheep and goats?

Answer 6

Mild, if any. Fever, lameness, and oral lesions.

Question 7

What are the CS of FMD in pigs?

Answer 7

Hoof lesions that are more severe than in cattle. Lameness.Oral and snout vesicles.

Question 8

What are the CS of FMD in cattle?

Answer 8

Oral lesions. Excess drooling, salivation, and nasal discharge. Lethargy and loss of body condition. Teat lesions that can lead to decreased milk production. And don’t forget, foot lesions.

Question 9

I was a disease of ruminants that has been eradicated worldwide. I was caused by the paramyxovirus. I caused a very high mortality rate. I was spread by direct contact. And I caused fever, dysentery, and inflammation of the MM among other CS. I killed within 6-12 days. I was what disease?

Answer 9

Rinderpest.

Question 10

What are the CS of Classical Swine Fever?

Answer 10

Fever, loss of appetite, erythematous lesions (esp in light-skinned animals), and severe leukopenia.

Question 11

CSF is caused by what virus family? Genus?

Answer 11

Flaviviridae. Pestivirus.

Question 12

All of the following are CS of Acute CSF except:

a. huddling
b. conjunctivitis
c. skin vesicles
d. anorexia
e. high fever

Answer 12

c.

Skin HEMORRHAGE not vesicles is a CS.

Question 13

What is the highly contagious, fatal disease, caused by a double-stranded DNA virus that resembles Classical Swine Fever but is more severe?

Answer 13

African Swine Fever.

Question 14

All of the following are CS of African Swine Fever except:

a. abortion
b. erythema, cyanosis
c. bloody diarrhea
d. mild to moderate fever
e. recumbancy

Answer 14

d.

ASF is marked by HIGH fever.

Question 15

What disease is caused by the family Picornaviridae, related to the human coxsackievirus B5 (coxsack, heehee), and can survive for long periods in the environment?

Answer 15

Swine Vesicular Disease.

Question 16

True of false.

Swine Vesicular Disease can survive for 3 years in dried, salted, or smoked meat.

Answer 16

False. It can survive up to 2 years.

Question 17

Swine Vesicular Disease is characterized by:

a. high morbidity/high mortality
b. high morbidity/low mortality
c. low morbidity/high mortality
d. low morbidity/low mortality

Answer 17

d. low mortality/low morbidity

Question 18

True or false.

Swine recovered from Swine Vesicular Disease have protective immunity.

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

What is the incubation period for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)?

Answer 19

2-8 years.

Question 20

What is the route of infection for BSE?

Answer 20

Ingestion of feed contaminated with scrapie or unknown BSE.

Question 21

Herds affected with BSE have:

a. high morbidity/high mortality
b. high morbidity/ low mortality
c. low morbidity/high mortality
d. low morbidity/low motality

Answer 21

c.
low morbidity (2-3%) / high mortality (100%)

Question 22

Which of the following concerning BSE is FALSE:

a. the terminal state is marked by decreased rumination and loss of body weight.
b. cattle in the terminal state have a normal appetite
c. vaccines exist for BSE
d. initial neurological signs are often subtle

Answer 22

c. There is no vaccine or treatment available.

Question 23

Exotic Newcastle Disease (END) is the US’s name/definition for the strains of which type of Newcastle Disease?

a. Mesogenic ND
b. Velogenic Neurotropic ND
c. Velogenic Viscerotropic ND

Answer 23

c. vvND

Question 24

True of false:

A route of transmission for ND is through vaccines.

Answer 24

True. If the vaccine is contaminated or not completely inactivated.

Question 25

Which of the following concerning ND in birds if FALSE:

a. route of transmission includes direct and indirect contact
b. CS include drop in egg production
c. all surviving birds have no lasting effects
d. there are numerous deaths within 2 days of infection
e. vaccine does not prevent virus replication

Answer 25

c.

Surviving birds can have neurological and reproductive damage.

Question 26

Avian Influenza Virus belongs to which viral family?

Answer 26

Orthomyxoviridae

Question 27

The etiological agent for Avian Influenza Virus is?

Answer 27

Influenzavirus A

Question 28

T/F.

High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) is caused by H subtypes 1-16.

Answer 28

False. Only subtypes H5 and H7.

Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (LPAI) is caused by H subtypes 1-16 including non-HPAI H5 and H7.

Question 29

T/F.

LPAI H5 and H7 can mutate into HPAI.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Avian Influenza infects which of the following:

a. Poultry
b. Mammals
c. Wild birds
d. A and C are correct
e. All of the above are correct

Answer 30

E. All of the above

Including caged birds - Passerines

Question 31

Which of the following concerning AI vaccines is TRUE:

a. State veterinarian and USDA approval for vaccine use is not necessary
b. Spreading of the AI virus is prevented by vaccine use
c. Vaccines for AI virus is routinely used in the US
d. Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals (DIVA) is used to recognized field viruses in vaccinated birds

Answer 31

d. DIVA can be used

Question 32

T or F
AI prevention and surveillance includes sequestration and observation of birds for 3 weeks that are imported from AI-endemic areas.

Answer 32

False.

No live birds or bird products are imported from infected areas.