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TRANSPORTATION > TRAFFIC STUDIES > Flashcards

TRAFFIC STUDIES Flashcards

1
Q

Generally involve time and may entail much cost; therefore it is necessary to plan all data collections carefully

A

Traffic Studies

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2
Q

These are carried out to analyze traffic characteristics

A

Traffic Studies

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3
Q

Helps in geometric design and traffic control for a safe and efficient traffic movement

A

Traffic Studies

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4
Q

Types of Traffic Studies

A

Volume Studies
Spot Speed Studies
Travel Time and Delay Studies

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5
Q

Conducted to obtain factual information on the number of vehicles and/or persons passing at a specified point on a highway system

A

Volume Studies

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6
Q

Resulting volume data are expressed in relation to time

A

Volume Studies

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7
Q

Types of Volume

A

Annual Traffic
AADT
Hourly Traffic
Short-Term Count

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8
Q

Types of Collected Data for Volume Studies

A

Mid-block Counts
Directional Counts
Turning/.Intersection Counts
Classification Counts
Cordon Counts
Screen Line Counts

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9
Q

Used to determine annual travel, estimate expected highway user revenue, and compute accident rates

A

Annual Traffic

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10
Q

Used to measure present demand for service by road, programming capital improvements

A

Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT)

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11
Q

Used to evaluate capacity deficiencies, geometric design, or improvement of streets and intersections

A

Hourly Traffic

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12
Q

Used to estimate maximum flow rate, determine characteristic of peak hour volumes

A

Short term Count

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13
Q

Total volume counted over one year divided by the number of days in a year

A

Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)

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14
Q

Obtained through traffic volume counts over a number of days (at least 2 days and less than 365 days)

A

Average Daily Traffic (ADT)

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15
Q

Useful in highway planning and maintenance or repairs of roads but cannot be used for design or operational analysis

A

Daily Volumes

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16
Q

Identifies vehicle types by number of axles and distance between axles

A

Classification Counts

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17
Q

Used for determining modal spilt, estimating effects of heavy vehicles on capacity, determining correction factors for automatic counts

A

Classification Counts

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18
Q

A classified count taken at some points along a line (imaginary) bisecting a given area: man-made or natural barriers are used

A

Screen Line Counts

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19
Q

Data is used to compare traffic capacities in the path of traffic flow

A

Screen Line Counts

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20
Q

AKA Road volume data report or Link Counts

A

Mid-Block Counts

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21
Q

Used for preparing traffic flow maps determining trends

A

Mid-Block Counts

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22
Q

Measured the total vehicle volume and vehicle classification

A

Mid-Block Counts

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23
Q

Directional distribution for capacity analysis

A

Directional Counts

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24
Q

Used for signal timing and justifying traffic control

A

Directional Counts

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25
Q

Used to determine the number of vehicles and/or persons entering and leaving an enclosed area

A

Cordon Counts

26
Q

Includes directional traffic counts at selected sites

A

Cordon Counts

27
Q

Enumerates number of left-turn, right-turn, U-turn, and through movements for each approach made by vehicles or pedestrians

A

Turning Movement Count

28
Q

Design or improvement of geometry of intersections, signal installation and timing, pavement markings etc

A

Turning Movement Count

29
Q

Used for planning turning prohibitions and analyzing high accident intersections

A

Turning Movement Count

30
Q

Usually done midnight to midnight

A

24 hr count

31
Q

Represents most of daily flow and night traffic

A

16 hr count

32
Q

When is a 16 hr count usually done

A

From 6 am to 10 pm

33
Q

Covers most of daytime traffic

A

12 hr count

34
Q

When is a 12 hr count usually done

A

From 6 am to 6 pm

35
Q

Done at time intervals of very high traffic volume

A

Peak Period Counts

36
Q

Intervals of 5-15 minutes for about one hour or less

A

Short Counts

37
Q

Used to analyze peak hours characteristics

A

Short Counts

38
Q

Simplest and most practical method in the absence of any mechanical or automatic counting device

A

Tallying

39
Q

Mechanical device useful when volume is high
May be single or multiple type

A

Manual Counters

40
Q

Traffic count of very long duration
Used through the use of detectors

A

Automatic Counters

41
Q

Counts may be carried out through tallying or manual method while watching video or footage of traffic flow

A

Video Cameras

42
Q

Presentation of Traffic Volume

A

Variations
Traffic Flow Maps
Intersection Diagrams

43
Q

Spot Speed Studies Objectives:

a) Determine ____ and ____ of speeds as a basis for formulating the design standards
b) Establish ____ and ____ speed limits
c) Determine need for posting ___________
d) Determine need for _________
e) Evaluate performance of a _____ improvement or traffic control device through a ______ study

A

a) Range; Magnitude
b) Maximum; Minimum
c) Advisory Speed Designs
d) School Zone Protection
e) Geometric; Before and After

44
Q

Spot Speed Studies Time of Study:

a) Period during which speeds are measured depends on the _____ of the study
b) Duration of the study should be around ____ hour
c) Short study period often lead to bias towards ____ vehicles

A

a) Purpose
b) One
c) Faster

45
Q

Radar Speed Meter: The radar is positioned at the ___ of the roadway at an angle of ___ degrees with the ____ and is directed toward the incoming vehicles

A

Edge
15
Centerline

46
Q

2 lines, 30-50m, apart are drawn transversely on the pavement

A

Trap Length Method 1

47
Q

Common error in most visual methods of surveys

A

Parallax

48
Q

Take video of the traffic flor and put markers on roadside or monitor

A

Trap Length Method 2

49
Q

Total elapsed time necessary for a vehicle to travel from one point to another over a specified route under existing traffic conditions

A

Travel Time

50
Q

Extra time spent by drivers against their expectation
Time is lost to travel because of traffic frictions and control devices

A

Delay

51
Q

Data obtained from _____ give a good indication of (performance) level of service on the study section

A

Travel time and delay studies

52
Q

Cause of Delay: PED

A

Pedestrians

53
Q

Cause of Delay: BP

A

Buses Un/Loading

54
Q

Cause of Delay: JB

A

PUJ Un/Loading

55
Q

Cause of Delay: PM

A

parking Manuevers

56
Q

Cause of Delay: LT

A

Left Turn

57
Q

Cause of Delay: PC

A

Parked Vehicles

58
Q

Cause of Delay: DP

A

Double Parking

59
Q

Cause of Delay: S

A

Traffic Signal

60
Q

Cause of Delay: SS

A

Stop Sign

61
Q

Cause of Delay: T

A

General Congestion

62
Q

Conducted when delay details are unimportant

A

License Plate Method

TRANSPORTATION (4 decks)

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