Traditional gender identities Flashcards
Parsons
Females have an expressive role in the family e.g childbearing role. Males have instrumental role e.g. breadwinner and protector.
Oakley
children socialised into expectations surrounding their gender, children socialised into hegemonic femininity and masculinity:
Manipulation
Canalisation
Verbal appellations
Domestic activities
McRobbie
Bedroom culture = girls spend leisure time gossiping + pampering away from humiliation (boys + outside world) they’re socialised into cult of femininity
Nakuamura
Found media, internet and digital communication used by women become an increase from range of different ethnic backgrounds and class. Use as support when faced with discrimination and inequality
Billington
Argues media presents masculinity as dominant and femininity as subordinate
Ferguson
Conducted content analysis of women’s magazines. Counted number of times certain topic was covered - concluded women’s magazines based around cult of femininity
Mitsos and Browne
suggests why teachers less strict w boys because they underachieve + label as disruptive - boys fall into culture of masculinity ( anti learning culture)
Skelton
hidden curriculum is responsible for perpetuating gender differences in subject choices
kelly
suggests why science is seen as more masculine :
- First reason science packaged as boy subject e.g. textbooks containing pictures of boys, interests boys
-Second reason, boys dominate science classrooms e.g. shouting at answers and grabbing equipment first
willis
For boys and their fathers,their jobs were a key source of their identity define themselves as manual workers manual labour jobs declining
Colley
argues that school subject choices affected by three things:
- perception of gender roles
-Subject Preferences
-Learning environment
Mac an Ghail
Working class men are experiencing a crisis of masculinity due to manual labour jobs decreasing. Traditional hegemonic gender indentured lack of male role models
Adkins
labour market had gendered character e.g. theme parks
women catering roles + men operating roles - women subject sexual harassment
horizontal segregation - men and women occupy specific areas in terms of type of jobs
Vertical segregation - labour market divided so men occupy top positions in workplace and women at bottom of hierarchy
