Trade&Industry Flashcards
What % of the value of English exports was the cloth trade responsible for?
90%
What % of volume did cloth exports increase estimated by Jack Lander ?
60%
earlier in the 15th century what was the bulk of exports?
raw wool
Earlier in the century where was most of the raw wool shipped from?
east-coast ports such as Boston, Lynn and Yarmouth
earlier in the century where was most of the raw wool exported through after being shipped from the east coast?
through Calais by the Merchants of the Staple
What did the increasing finished cloth trade lead to developments in?
weaving
Where are 2 examples of cloth towns which were extremely prosperous?
- Lavenham in Sufflok
- Lewes in Sussex
Which 2 historic cities suffered significant decay as the cloth industry tended to move from older corporate boroughs to newer manufacturing centres in small market towns and villages in East Anglia, the West Riding of Yorkshire and parts of West country?
Winchester and Lincoln
Why did historic cities such as Winchester and Lincoln suffer significant decay in regards to the cloth industry?
as the cloth industry tended to move from older corporate boroughs to newer manufacturing centres in small market towns and villages in East Anglia, the West Riding of Yorkshire and parts of the West Country
Where did the cloth industry move towards when historic cities such as Winchester and Lincoln decayed in the cloth trade?
to small market towns and villages in East Anglia, the West Riding of Yorkshire and parts of the West Country
Where was an increasing proportion of finished cloth exported from London through?
the Merchant Adventurers
What was reinforced as an affect of the increasing proportion of finished cloth being exported from London through the Merchant Adventurers?
This reinforced London’s commercial dominance within the country and established a commercial axis with Antwerp
What was said to be the commercial metropolis of Europe?
Antwerp
From Antwerp where was English cloth transported?
all over Europe
Who were the Merchant Adventurers ?
a trading organisation which came increasingly to dominate London’s cloth trade with Antwerp
What did the King twice use the Merchant Adventurers in advising him in trade treaties?
used by the kind in negotiating trade treaties such as Intercusus Magnus and Intercursus Malus
Why could the Merchant Adventurers not achieve complete domination of trade?
because they proved unable to overcome the trading privileges enjoyed by the Hanseatic League
What was the Hanseatic League and what did they do?
a group of free cities which came together to form a commercial union with the intention of controlling trade in the Baltic Sea and dominated commercial activity in northern Europe
When was the Hanseatic League reasserted by treaty twice?
1474 and 1504
Why did Henry agree to reassert the treaty with the Hanseatic League?
so that they would not offer support to the Yorkist claimant to the throne, the Earl of Suffolk
What were Germany and Bohemia superiority in trading?
mining and metallurgy
What were the Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch’s’ superiority in trading?
shipbuilding
Why did Henry keep England’s industry focused on cloth?
As England remained dependant on trade and therefore did not want to create enemies with influential European countries
Where was tin mined?
Cornwall
