Trachea

Question 1

The trachea is formed by

Answer 1

Flexible fibrocartilage @ the beginning of the lower

respiratory tract.

Question 2

The lumen is kept patent by

Answer 2

16–20 C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.

Question 3

The gap between the posterior free ends of C-Shaped cartilage is bridged by

Answer 3

Band of smooth muscles : Trachealis and fibroelastic cartilage which permits expansion for the movement of bolus

Question 4

The trachea extends

Answer 4

From : Lower border of cricoid cartilage at C6

To: Upper border of T4

Question 5

The trachea is divided into

Answer 5

Upper : Cervical Part

Lower : Abdominal Part

Question 6

Dimensions :

Answer 6

Length: 10–12 cm.
External diameter: 2 cm in males and 1.5 cm in females.
Internal diameter: 12 mm in adult, 3 mm in newborn

Question 7

Trachea is the continuation of

Answer 7

Larynx

Question 8

Course of trachea:

Answer 8

Continuation of Larynx at Cricoid cartilage at C6 5CM above Jugular Notch
Enters thoracic inlet in the midline and passes downwards behind the manubrium
Ends at the Sternal Angle by bifurcating ~ T4

Question 9

Relations of the Cervical Part 1. Anteriorly

Answer 9

1. Arch of Aorta
2. Brachiocephalic Trunk and Left Common Carotid Artery
3. Left Brachiocephalic Vein
4. Superior Vena Cava
5. Deep Cardiac Plexus

Question 10

Relations of the Cervical Part 2. Posteriorly

Answer 10

1. Esophagus
2. Vertebral Column
3. Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 11

Relations of the Cervical Part 3. Right

Answer 11

1. Right lung and Pleura
2. Azygous Vein
3. Right Vagus Nerve

Question 12

Relations of the Cervical Part 4. Left

Answer 12

1. Arch of Aorta
2. Left Common Carotid Artery
3. Left subclavian vein

Question 13

Microscopic layers of Trachea :

Answer 13

In to Out:

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Cartilage and Smooth Muscle
4. Perichondrium
5. Fibrous Membrane

Question 14

The mucosa consists of

Answer 14

1. Psuedostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

2. Lamina propia below it

Question 15

The submucosa consists of

Answer 15

Loose areolar tissue containing Serous And Mucus Glands

Question 16

The fibrous layer :

Answer 16

Is dense connective tissue containing neurovascular structure

Question 17

Blood supply to trachea is by :

Answer 17

inferior thyroid arteries

Question 18

Venous drainage of the trachea occurs into

Answer 18

Left brachiocephalic artery

Question 19

Lymphatic drainage of the trachea is into

Answer 19

Pretracheal And Paratracheal Lymph Nodes

Question 20

Sympathetic fibres are

Answer 20

Vasomotor

Question 21

Parasympathetic fibres are

Answer 21

Sensory and secretomotor to the mucous membrane, and motor to the trachealis muscle.