Trace Minerals - Cobalt and Iodine Flashcards
Which parts of the US require supplementation for Cobalt?
Certain areas of Florida and the Northeastern states
Functions of Cobalt
- Vitamin B12 molecule
2. Enzyme cofactor
Cobalt Deficiency Symptoms
1. General malnutrition
listless, loss of appetite and wt, weak
2. Anemia
3. Degeneration of fat of liver
4. Breakdown products of hemoglobinThe only positive diagnosis of Co deficiency rests on response to…
Cobalt feeding
Minimum requirement of Cobalt is not established, however ______ is adequate.
0.1 ppm
Extremely hard pellets of a cobalt compound (Release of Cobalt is slow and lasts for several months)
Cobalt Bullet
What % of the body content of Iodine is in the thyroid gland?
60%
_________ primary function is the production of the hormone _______ which regulates the metabolic rate of the body.
The thyroid glands
Hormone - thyroxine
Thyroxine contains about ___% iodine and is a/an _______.
65%
Amino acid
Thyroxine is present in the protein…
Thyroglobulin (Diiodotyrosine also present)
Thyroxine can be synthesized by the body providing the diet contains ______ or ________.
Tyrosine or Phenylalanine
Thyroid removal results in?
- Stunting development if done early in life
- In adults, premature aging, mental and physical sluggishness
What mineral may serve simply as a component of vitamin B12?
Cobalt
Mineral associated with thyroxine?
Iodine
Provide the principle site in the body where IODINE would be found
Thyroid Gland
Functions of Iodine
- Constituent of Thyroxine
2. Administering thyroxine stimulates body processes
Thyroproteins stimulate body processes such as…
Milk and Egg Production
Hypothyroid condition
LOW thyroxine secretion - low metabolic rate - tired condition; “downers”
Hyperthyroid condition
HIGH thyroxine - high metabolic rate - hyperactive
What is a common result of iodine deficiency?
Goiter - enlargement of the thyroid gland
This is most likely to develop during periods of increased needs such as pregnancy and puberty - this will pass onto the offspring
Simple or Endemic goiter
Due to a hyperactive gland - Graves’ disease - reverse symptoms as in hypothyroidism (above normal rate of activity)
Exophthalmic goiter
What mineral is associated with the following reproductive problems?
Hairless and/or stillborn pigs
Iodine
What mineral is associated with the following reproductive problems?
Deficient newborn foals are born weak and usually die because of their inability to stand and
suckle the mare.
Iodine
Minimum requirement of Iodine is not established, however ______ will prevent goiter
0.2-1.0 ppm
No practical toxicity for…
Iodine
