Toxins in the Body Flashcards
What are the regions or proteins on the cell membrane where a drug size, shape and chemical composition will cause it to bond and initiate a biological response?
Receptor sites
What is the active drug in tobacco?
Nicotine
What is another name for illegal drugs - street drugs?
illicit drugs
What are all substances that harm the body?
Toxins
What works by blocking nerve signals from the pain source that are headed to the brain?
pain blockers
What are the drugs that work because they are similar in size and shape to endorphins?
Morophine
What is the type of drug that distorts perception of reality by distorting nerve transmission and stimulating nerves of the sensory center of the brain?
Hallucinogen
What drug acts on the neurons altering the transmission of nerve signals?
Cocaine
What is a cancer causing agent?
carcinogen
What is a substance that builds up in the lungs?
tar
What is the bodies defense system?
White blood cells
What is any substance that alters the bodies structure or functions?
drug
What are chemicals that are produced by the body to break down tar?
elastase
What is the purified more concentrated form of cocaine?
Crack
What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down alcohol?
alcohol Dehydrogenase
What is the name of the lung disease that is caused from smoking, loss of elasticity?
emphysema
What are the drugs that relieve pain but can become very addictive?
narcotic analgesic
What is the hormone that increases the growth of muscle?
anabolic steroid
What is the chemical that is produced by the body that blocks pain?
endorphins
What is a substance that dissolves in water?
soluble
What does a drug do to a receptor site?
stimulate it
What will elastase (which is produced by the body) do to the lungs?
- scar them
- breakdown the tar
- reduce the amount of oxygen they can hold
What means that a substance is an enzyme?
Ase
How many toxins are produced by a burning cigarette?
400
Where are all the toxins that are produced by burning cigarettes found?
in side stream smoke and mainstream smoke
About what percent of people dies from alcohol poisoning?
50%
How is crack compared to cocaine?
more addictive
What is the active ingredient in marijuana?
tetrahydrocannabinol
What are some side effects of smoking?
- impaired appetite
- paralysis of the nervous system
- high blood pressure
How do narcotic analgesics work?
blocking nerve transmissions
Compare alcohol dehydrogenase for men and women?
It is higher in men than in women
What is the type of gas that is produced in cigarette smoke that reduces the blood’s ability to carry oxygen by 10%?
Carbon Monoxide
Give examples of three illicit drugs that we studied?
cocaine
LSD
ICE
How many of the toxins that are produced from cigarettes are carcinogenic?
40
Name three factors with concern to alcohol consumption?
- time
- weight
- consumption level
What is the body’s main defense against foreign substances?
white blood cells
What is a neuron?
a brain cell
Name some side effects of LSD?
- amnesia
- mental psychosis
- decreased mental capacity
- flashbacks
Why do narcotic analgesics work?
- block the receptor site
- distort the receptor site
- similar to the endorphines that we produce
What is the kind of smoke that is inhaled by the smoker?
mainstream
What is the kind of smoke that is inhaled by other people - not the smoker?
sidestream
Where (name the plant) did aspirin originate from?
Willow tree bark
Be able to match the blood alcohol level with the side effect:
See Mrs. Krumpelman for help
