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Chemistry In the Comminity > Toxins in the Body > Flashcards

Toxins in the Body Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the regions or proteins on the cell membrane where a drug size, shape and chemical composition will cause it to bond and initiate a biological response?

A

Receptor sites

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2
Q

What is the active drug in tobacco?

A

Nicotine

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3
Q

What is another name for illegal drugs - street drugs?

A

illicit drugs

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4
Q

What are all substances that harm the body?

A

Toxins

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5
Q

What works by blocking nerve signals from the pain source that are headed to the brain?

A

pain blockers

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6
Q

What are the drugs that work because they are similar in size and shape to endorphins?

A

Morophine

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7
Q

What is the type of drug that distorts perception of reality by distorting nerve transmission and stimulating nerves of the sensory center of the brain?

A

Hallucinogen

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8
Q

What drug acts on the neurons altering the transmission of nerve signals?

A

Cocaine

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9
Q

What is a cancer causing agent?

A

carcinogen

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10
Q

What is a substance that builds up in the lungs?

A

tar

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11
Q

What is the bodies defense system?

A

White blood cells

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12
Q

What is any substance that alters the bodies structure or functions?

A

drug

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13
Q

What are chemicals that are produced by the body to break down tar?

A

elastase

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14
Q

What is the purified more concentrated form of cocaine?

A

Crack

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15
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down alcohol?

A

alcohol Dehydrogenase

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16
Q

What is the name of the lung disease that is caused from smoking, loss of elasticity?

A

emphysema

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17
Q

What are the drugs that relieve pain but can become very addictive?

A

narcotic analgesic

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18
Q

What is the hormone that increases the growth of muscle?

A

anabolic steroid

19
Q

What is the chemical that is produced by the body that blocks pain?

A

endorphins

20
Q

What is a substance that dissolves in water?

A

soluble

21
Q

What does a drug do to a receptor site?

A

stimulate it

22
Q

What will elastase (which is produced by the body) do to the lungs?

A
  1. scar them
  2. breakdown the tar
  3. reduce the amount of oxygen they can hold
23
Q

What means that a substance is an enzyme?

A

Ase

24
Q

How many toxins are produced by a burning cigarette?

A

400

25
Q

Where are all the toxins that are produced by burning cigarettes found?

A

in side stream smoke and mainstream smoke

26
Q

About what percent of people dies from alcohol poisoning?

A

50%

27
Q

How is crack compared to cocaine?

A

more addictive

28
Q

What is the active ingredient in marijuana?

A

tetrahydrocannabinol

29
Q

What are some side effects of smoking?

A
  1. impaired appetite
  2. paralysis of the nervous system
  3. high blood pressure
30
Q

How do narcotic analgesics work?

A

blocking nerve transmissions

31
Q

Compare alcohol dehydrogenase for men and women?

A

It is higher in men than in women

32
Q

What is the type of gas that is produced in cigarette smoke that reduces the blood’s ability to carry oxygen by 10%?

A

Carbon Monoxide

33
Q

Give examples of three illicit drugs that we studied?

A

cocaine
LSD
ICE

34
Q

How many of the toxins that are produced from cigarettes are carcinogenic?

A

40

35
Q

Name three factors with concern to alcohol consumption?

A
  1. time
  2. weight
  3. consumption level
36
Q

What is the body’s main defense against foreign substances?

A

white blood cells

37
Q

What is a neuron?

A

a brain cell

38
Q

Name some side effects of LSD?

A
  1. amnesia
  2. mental psychosis
  3. decreased mental capacity
  4. flashbacks
39
Q

Why do narcotic analgesics work?

A
  1. block the receptor site
  2. distort the receptor site
  3. similar to the endorphines that we produce
40
Q

What is the kind of smoke that is inhaled by the smoker?

A

mainstream

41
Q

What is the kind of smoke that is inhaled by other people - not the smoker?

A

sidestream

42
Q

Where (name the plant) did aspirin originate from?

A

Willow tree bark

43
Q

Be able to match the blood alcohol level with the side effect:

A

See Mrs. Krumpelman for help

Chemistry In the Comminity (14 decks)

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