Toxicology

Question 1

What is the definitive treatment for snake bite?

Answer 1

Antivenom

Question 2

What is the definitive treatment for blue ringed octopus sting?

Answer 2

Respiratory support (no antidote)

Question 3

What is the definitive treatment for box jellyfish sting?

Answer 3

Vinegar as first aid

Antivenom

Question 4

What is the definitive treatment for stonefish sting?

Answer 4

Antivenom

Question 5

What is the definitive treatment for funnel web spider bite?

Answer 5

Antivenom

Question 6

What first aid measures can be used for a bite?

Answer 6

Compression bandages

Question 7

What are the possible effects of snake venom on the human body?

Answer 7

Neurotoxic
Myotoxic
Coagulopathic

Question 8

What are the possible effects of blue ringed octopus venom on the human body?

Answer 8

Tetrodotoxin, muscle paralysis

Question 9

What are the possible effects of box jellyfish venom on the human body?

Answer 9

Multi-component venom, ultimately cardiotoxic

Question 10

What are the possible effects of stonefish venom on the human body?

Answer 10

Neurotoxic
Myotoxic
Cardiotoxic

Question 11

What are the possible effects of funnel web spider venom on the human body?

Answer 11

Stimulation of nerves

Question 12

Risk factors for paracetamol toxicity

Answer 12

Glutathione deficiency: acute or chronic starvation, chronic debilitating disease (e.g. alcoholism, cystic fibrosis)
CYP 450 inducers: rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, St John’s wort, long-standing alcohol abuse