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Pharmacology > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of pharmacology that encompasses the deletrious effects of chemicals on biologic systems

A

Toxicology

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2
Q

Area of toxicology that deals with the effects of agents found in the environment

A

Environmental Toxicology

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3
Q

Area of toxicology that deals with the toxic effects of chemicals found in the workplace

A

Occupational Toxicology

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4
Q

What is the most common air pollutant?

A 
Carbon Monoxide (50%)
Sulfur Oxides (18%)
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5
Q

What is the treatment for Carbon Monoxide Poisoning?

A

Removal of the souce of CO and 100% oxygen in a Hyperbaric chamber

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6
Q

Treatment for organophosphate poisoning.

A

Atropine + Pralidoxime

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7
Q

This is a bipyridyl herbicide used extensively to kill weeds on farms and for highway maintenance

A

Paraquat

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8
Q

What is the most common effect of Polychlrinated Biphenyls?

A

Dermatototoxicty (Acne, erythema, folliculitis and hyperkeratosis)

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9
Q

Most common signs of toxicity of Dioxins?

A

Dermatitis and Chloracne (Cystic Acneiform lesions)

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10
Q

What cancer is caused by Asbestos?

A

Mesothelioma

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11
Q

What is the treatment for Chronic Inorganic Lead Poisoning (Plumbism)?

A

EDTA +- Dimercaprol

Oral Succimer for outpatients

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12
Q

What is the characteristic sign of Chronic Inorganic Lead Poisoning?

A

Wrist-drop (Peripheral Neuropathy)

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13
Q

What is the treatment for Organic Lead Poisoning?

A

Succimer

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14
Q

These are characteristic transverse bands in the nails of patients with Chronic Arsenic Poisoning

A

Mee’s Lines

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15
Q

Whhat is the characteristic change in the skin of patients with Chronic Arsenic Poisoning?

A

Mil and Roses Complexion (raindrop hyperpigmentation)

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16
Q

What is the treatment for Chronic Arsenic Poisoning?

A

Dimercaprol

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17
Q

What is the treatment for Acute Inorganic Mercury Poisoning?

A

Oral succimer or IM Dimercaprol

18
Q

What is the treatment for Chronic Inorganic Mercury Poisoning?

A

Succimer and Unithiol

19
Q

Why is dimercaprol not used in Chronic Inroganic Mercury Poisoning?

A

Because it may redistribute mercury to the CNS

20
Q

What is the classic presentation of Organic Mercury Poisoning?

A

Miramata Disease (Cerbral Palsy, Deafness, Blindness and Mental Retardation)

21
Q

What is the treatment for Iron Poisoning?

A

Deferoxamine

22
Q

What is the treatment for copper poisoning and Wilson’s Disease?

A

Penicillamine

23
Q

Used in acute severe arsenic poisining and acute severe mercury poisoning and lead poisoning

A

Unithiol

24
Q

What are the drugs that cause Drug-Induced Lupus?

A 
It's HIPP to have lupus.
H - Hydralazine
I - Isoniazid
P - Procainamide
P - Penicillamine
25
Q

What is the treatment for Sedative-Hypnotic Poisoning?

A

For Benzodiazipine Overdose -> Flumazenil

For Barbiturate Overdoses -> Supportive

26
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Aspirin poisoning?

A 
CHAFS
C - Coma
H - Hyperventilation
A - Acidosis (HAGMA)
F - Fever
S - Seizure
27
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Antimuscarinic Poisoning?

A 
HOT as a hare (hyperthermia)
DRY as a bone 
RED as a beet 
BLIND as a bat (Mydriasis)
MAD as a hatter (delirium and hallucinations)
28
Q

What is the treatment for Opioid Overdose?

A

Naloxone

29
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Opioid overdose?

A

PCR
P - Pupillary Constriction
C - Comatose state
R - Respiratory Depression

30
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of TCA overdose?

A

3 C’s
Coma
Convulsions
Cardiotoxicity

31
Q

What is the treatment ffor TCA overdose?

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

32
Q

What is the antidote for Acetaminophen?

A

Acetylceysteine

33
Q

What is the antidote for Cholinesterase Inhibitors?

A

Atropine

34
Q

Antidote for quinidine and TCA’s?

A

Bicarbonate

35
Q

What is the antidote for Fluoride and CCBs?

A

Calcium

36
Q

What is the antidote for Digoxin Toxicity?

A

Digibind

37
Q

What is the antidote for Caffeine, Theophylline and sympathomimetic toxicity?

A

Esmolol

38
Q

What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glyccol poisoning?

A

Fomepizole

39
Q

What is the antidote for Beta blockers?

A

Glucagon

40
Q

What is the antidote for heparin?

A

Protamine Sulfate

41
Q

What is the antidote for Warfarin?

A

Vitamin K / FFP

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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