Toxicology

Question 1

What are some factors affecting the alcohol absorption rate?

Answer 1

food in the stomach, age, gender, medications, etc.

Question 2

two mechanisms of elimination of alcohol in human body? Take place in?

Answer 2

Oxidation, which occurs in the liver
Excretion through breath, urine, and perspiration

Question 3

What are the two ways of measuring the quantity of alcohol present in the blood system?

Answer 3

The two ways to measure alcohol in blood are through blood testing and breath testing.

Question 4

What are some quality standards/precautions in breath testing?

Answer 4

Quality standards for breath testing include proper instrument calibration, certified operators, ensuring no mouth alcohol, etc.

Question 5

Name two instruments that are used to measure the blood alcohol content

Answer 5

Two instruments to measure blood alcohol are the Breathalyzer and gaschromatography

Question 6

What is the nationally accepted legal measure for drunk driving?

Answer 6

The nationally accepted legal limit for drunk driving is 0.08% blood alcohol concentration (BAC).

Question 7

Describe the Implied Consent Law.

Answer 7

Implied Consent Law states that by driving, you consent to chemical testing if arrested for suspected DUI.

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of testing human hairs for the presence of drugs?

Answer 8

Hair testing detects long-term repeated drug use over months/years.

Question 9

Which popular poisons of the past were once referred to as the “inheritance powder”?

Answer 9

Arsenic compounds like arsenic trioxide were once called “inheritance powders” when used for poisoning.

Question 10

Who is known as the “Father of Toxicology” for what achievement?

Answer 10

Mathieu Orfila:
developed reliable method to detect poisonous substances in the human body.
Paracelclu, dose makes poison

Question 11

Compare and contrast acute and chronic poisoning.

Answer 11

Acute poisoning is a single exposure, chronic is repeated/long-term exposure.

Question 12

Describe the Reinsch Test.

Answer 12

The Reinsch Test is used to detect the presence of arsenic and antimony.

Question 13

List the top 3 most abused drugs in the United States.

Answer 13

Opiods

Question 14

How was Georgi Markov murdered?

Answer 14

Georgi Markov was murdered by an umbrella tip containing ricin poison fired into his leg.

Question 15

List the differences between cocaine and “crack” cocaine.

Answer 15

Differences are: cocaine is a powder, crack is a smokable freebase form; crack is more potent.

Question 16

What type of facility are drugs such as methamphetamine and PCP manufactured in?

Answer 16

Clandestine labs

Question 17

What are the two (2) common natural hallucinogens?

Answer 17

Shrooms, peyote

Question 18

List the factors affecting the Drug Schedule.

Answer 18

Drug schedule factors include potential for abuse, accepted medical use, and dependence potential.

Question 19

Describe the Methamphetamine Precursor Control Act of 2005.

Answer 19

The Act regulated over-the-counter sale of precursor chemicals used to make methamphetamine.

Question 20

How do you visually/microscopically identify a marijuana plant/leaf?

Answer 20

Marijuana leaves have palmate compound shape with serrated edges.

Question 21

What are the screening/presumptive tests performed on a suspected marijuana sample?

Answer 21

FourierTransform Infared SPectroscopy (FTIR)
Weight test
Duquenois-Levine color test.

Question 22

What are the confirmatory tests performed on a suspected marijuana sample?

Answer 22

Confirmatory tests like chromatography/mass spec conclusively identify THC in marijuana.

Question 23

What are the three (3) screening tests that can be performed for the presence of crack cocaine?

Answer 23

Three screening tests for crack are a color test like the Scott Test, microcrystalline test, and field chromatography.