Toxicology

Question 1

Treatment for seizures

Answer 1

Diazepam 0.5mg/kg IV
OR
Midazolam 0.25mg/kg IM

Question 2

Tx for severe muscle tremors

Answer 2

Methocarbamole IV

Question 3

Tx to decontam

Answer 3

1. Emesis
o	Apomorphine
o	Dexmedetomidine
2. Gastric lavage
3. Activated charcoal
4. Bathe if topical
5. Forced diuresis UOP 3-5ml/kg/hr (frusemide/mannitol)
6. IVLE – lipid shuttle – w/ severe signs

Question 4

antidote for snake envenomation

Answer 4

antivenom

Question 5

antidote for tick paralysis

Answer 5

tick antiserum 1ml/kg over 1h

Question 6

antidote for ethylene glycol

Answer 6

20% ethanol/fomepizole

Question 7

antidote for paracetamol

Answer 7

N-acetylcysteine

Question 8

antidote for organophosphates

Answer 8

2-PAM and atropine

Question 9

antidote for NSAIDs

Answer 9

misoprostol

Question 10

antidote for opioids

Answer 10

naloxone

Question 11

antidote for PAPP

Answer 11

methylene blue

Question 12

antidote for benzos

Answer 12

flumazenil

Question 13

antidote for xylazine

Answer 13

yohimbine

Question 14

antidote for medetomidine

Answer 14

atipamezole

Question 15

Treatment of hymenoptera (wasp) sting

Answer 15

1. Analgesia – opioids + cold-pack site
2. Monitor for anaphylaxis
3. Anaphylaxis –> adrenaline 0.01mg/kg IM
4. Antihistamines –> Chlorpheniramine 0.5mg/kg IM
5. Corticosteroids to prevent recurrence (Dex 0.1mg/kg IV)

Question 16

tetrodotoxin is found in…

Answer 16

puffer-fish and blue-ringed octopus

Question 17

blue snail pellets contain…

Answer 17

methiocarb

Question 18

green snail pellets contain…

Answer 18

metaldehyde

Question 19

what toxin is in chocolate/coffee?

Answer 19

methylxanthine

Question 20

treatment for xylitol ingestion?

Answer 20

IV dextrose 0.5g/kg