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Science Olympiad > Toxicity > Flashcards

Toxicity Flashcards

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1
Q

What can toxic spills be?

A

Oil or chemical spills

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2
Q

Toxic spills in the environment can be…

A

Dangerous

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3
Q

What is an oil slick?

A

A layer of oil floating on an expanse of water

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4
Q

What is a trajectory?

A

A path followed by an object or substance moving under the actions of given forces

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5
Q

How do spills spread in water?

A

Spread due to waves and currents

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6
Q

What happens when an oil spill first reaches water?

A

It will be on top of the water

An oil slick will form.

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7
Q

What can happen to oil that doesn’t evaporate?

A

It can become thick or sink

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8
Q

What is the effect of toxicity from spills?

A

It can kill marine life

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9
Q

How can wind affect the spread of toxic spills?

A

Wind can spread it to bigger areas

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10
Q

What can the trajectory of a spill in water depend on?

A

Wind

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11
Q

How can wind influence the speed of a spill?

A

Wind can make a spill travel farther faster

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12
Q

How does gravity affect environmental spills?

A

If an oil is heavier, then it can sink to the bottom of the ocean

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13
Q

What can determine whether some oil will evaporate?

A

The weight of certain kinds of oil

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14
Q

What are the human effects of chemical spills?

A

Different chemicals can pose different types of threats to people.

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15
Q

What can toxic or poisonous gases cause?

A

Severe illness and even fatalities

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16
Q

What can corrosive chemicals cause?

A

Severe burns, damage eyesight, and harm the respiratory tract

17
Q

What is a delayed carcinogenic effect?

A

Some chemical spills can cause cancer years after exposure

18
Q

What damage can flammable chemicals cause?

A

Obvious damage through fires or explosions

19
Q

What are the structural effects of chemical spills?

A

They can cause significant damage to buildings

20
Q

What can fires from chemical spills lead to?

A

Severe structural damage or complete collapse of a structure

21
Q

What can certain toxic chemicals do to buildings?

A

Leave them unusable for extended periods

22
Q

What are the environmental effects of chemical spills?

A

They can cause major environmental impacts

23
Q

What can spilled oil and chemicals physically damage?

A

Marine life with run-off contamination

24
Q

What can spilled chemicals run-off into?

A

Soil, causing severe ecological damage

25
Q

What can amplify the negative effects of chemical spills?

A

Slow chemical spill responses

26
Q

What are the hazard classes for dangerous goods?

A

1- explosives, 2- gases, 3- flammable liquids, 4- flammable solids, 5- oxidizer and organic peroxide, 6- toxic and infectious substances, 7- radioactive, 8- corrosive, 9- miscellaneous dangerous goods

27
Q

What is the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)?

A

It helps communities plan for chemical emergencies and requires industry to report on hazardous substances

28
Q

What are examples of explosives?

A

Ammunition, fireworks, airbag inflators

29
Q

What are examples of gases?

A

Fire extinguishers, propane, carbon dioxide

30
Q

What are examples of flammable liquids?

A

Paints, alcohols, gasoline

31
Q

What are examples of flammable solids?

A

Matches, sulfur, oily fabrics

32
Q

What are examples of oxidizers and organic peroxides?

A

Hydrogen peroxide, chlorates, ammonium nitrate fertilizers

33
Q

What are examples of toxic and infectious substances?

A

Medical waste, dyes, biological specimens

34
Q

What are examples of radioactive materials?

A

Uranium, potassium

35
Q

What are examples of corrosive substances?

A

Acids, batteries, iodine

36
Q

What are examples of miscellaneous dangerous goods?

A

Dry ice, first aid kits, vehicles

Science Olympiad (8 decks)

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