Toxicity Flashcards
What can toxic spills be?
Oil or chemical spills
Toxic spills in the environment can be…
Dangerous
What is an oil slick?
A layer of oil floating on an expanse of water
What is a trajectory?
A path followed by an object or substance moving under the actions of given forces
How do spills spread in water?
Spread due to waves and currents
What happens when an oil spill first reaches water?
It will be on top of the water
An oil slick will form.
What can happen to oil that doesn’t evaporate?
It can become thick or sink
What is the effect of toxicity from spills?
It can kill marine life
How can wind affect the spread of toxic spills?
Wind can spread it to bigger areas
What can the trajectory of a spill in water depend on?
Wind
How can wind influence the speed of a spill?
Wind can make a spill travel farther faster
How does gravity affect environmental spills?
If an oil is heavier, then it can sink to the bottom of the ocean
What can determine whether some oil will evaporate?
The weight of certain kinds of oil
What are the human effects of chemical spills?
Different chemicals can pose different types of threats to people.
What can toxic or poisonous gases cause?
Severe illness and even fatalities
What can corrosive chemicals cause?
Severe burns, damage eyesight, and harm the respiratory tract
What is a delayed carcinogenic effect?
Some chemical spills can cause cancer years after exposure
What damage can flammable chemicals cause?
Obvious damage through fires or explosions
What are the structural effects of chemical spills?
They can cause significant damage to buildings
What can fires from chemical spills lead to?
Severe structural damage or complete collapse of a structure
What can certain toxic chemicals do to buildings?
Leave them unusable for extended periods
What are the environmental effects of chemical spills?
They can cause major environmental impacts
What can spilled oil and chemicals physically damage?
Marine life with run-off contamination
What can spilled chemicals run-off into?
Soil, causing severe ecological damage
What can amplify the negative effects of chemical spills?
Slow chemical spill responses
What are the hazard classes for dangerous goods?
1- explosives, 2- gases, 3- flammable liquids, 4- flammable solids, 5- oxidizer and organic peroxide, 6- toxic and infectious substances, 7- radioactive, 8- corrosive, 9- miscellaneous dangerous goods
What is the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)?
It helps communities plan for chemical emergencies and requires industry to report on hazardous substances
What are examples of explosives?
Ammunition, fireworks, airbag inflators
What are examples of gases?
Fire extinguishers, propane, carbon dioxide
What are examples of flammable liquids?
Paints, alcohols, gasoline
What are examples of flammable solids?
Matches, sulfur, oily fabrics
What are examples of oxidizers and organic peroxides?
Hydrogen peroxide, chlorates, ammonium nitrate fertilizers
What are examples of toxic and infectious substances?
Medical waste, dyes, biological specimens
What are examples of radioactive materials?
Uranium, potassium
What are examples of corrosive substances?
Acids, batteries, iodine
What are examples of miscellaneous dangerous goods?
Dry ice, first aid kits, vehicles
