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Pharm > Toxicities > Flashcards

Toxicities Flashcards

1
Q

Tox: Acetaminophen

A

Rx: N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

Tox: Salicylates

A

Rx: NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis

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3
Q

Tox: Amphetamines (basic)

A

Rx: NH4Cl (acidify urine)

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4
Q

Tox: AchE inhibitors, organophosphates

A

Rx: Atropine, Pralidoxime

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5
Q

Tox: Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

A

Rx: Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

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6
Q

Tox: B-blockers-Bradycardia, Hypotension, CV collapse

A

Rx: Glucagon (incr cAMP in cardiac myocytes)

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7
Q

Tox: Digitalis

A

Rx: Normalize K+, Lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+

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8
Q

Tox: Iron

A

Rx: Deferoxamine, deferasirox

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9
Q

Tox: Lead

A

Rx: CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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10
Q

tox: Mercury, arsenic, gold

A

Rx: Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

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11
Q

Tox: Copper, arsenic, gold

A

Rx: Penicillamine

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12
Q

Tox: Cyanide

A

Rx: Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

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13
Q

Tox: Methemoglobin

A

Rx: Methylene blue, vit C

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14
Q

Tox: CO

A

Rx: 100% O2, Hyperbaric O2

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15
Q

Tox: Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

A

Rx: Fomepizole> ethanol, dialysis

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16
Q

Tox: Opiods-Severe sedation, respiratory depression, miosis

A

Rx: Naloxone/naltrexonemu antagonists

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17
Q

Tox: Benzodiazepines

A

Rx: Flumazenil

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18
Q

Tox: TCAs

A

Rx: NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

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19
Q

Tox: Heparin

A

Rx: Protamine

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20
Q

Tox: Warfarin

A

Rx: Vit K, FFP

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21
Q

Tox: tPA, Streptokinase, Urokinase

A

Rx: Aminocaproic acid

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22
Q

Tox: Theophylline

A

Rx: B-blocker for the induced cardiac arrhythmia-give Benzodiazepine and barbiturates for induced Seizures.

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23
Q

Rxn: Coronary vasospasm

A

Rx: Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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24
Q

Rxn: Cutaneous flushing

A

Rx: Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacine, Ca2+ channel blockers, Caspofungin (by histamine release)
VANCC

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25
Q

Rxn: Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Rx: Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), daunorubicin

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26
Q

Rxn: Torsades de pointes

A

Rx: Class III (Sotalol) and class IA (quinidine) anti-arrhyth*not Amiodarone, macrolides, antipsychotics, TCAs

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27
Q

Rxn: Agranulocytosis

A

Rx: Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone

Agranulocytosis Could Certainly Cause Pretty Major Damage

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28
Q

Rxn: Aplastic anemia

A

Rx: Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole, carbamazepine

Can’t Make New Blood Cells Properly

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29
Q

Rxn: Direct Coombs + hemolytic anemia

A

Rx: Methyldopa, PCN

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30
Q

Rxn: Gray baby syndrome

A

Rx: Chloramphenicol

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31
Q

Rxn: Hemolysis in G6PD-defic pts

A

Rx: Isoniazid (INH), Sulfonamides, Primaquine, ASA, Ibuprof, Nitrofurantoin, Dapsone

Hemolysis IS D PAIN

32
Q

Rxn: Megaloblastic anemias

A

Rx: Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drgs

Have a blast w PMS

33
Q

Rxn: Thrombotic complications

A

Rx: OCPs (estrogens)

34
Q

Rxn: Cough

35
Q

Rxn: Pulm fibrosis

A

Rx: Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan, Methotrexate

It’s hard to BLAB when you have pulm fibrosis
Breathing Air Badly from Medications

36
Q

Rxn: Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice

A

Erythromycin

37
Q

Rxn: Focal-massive hepatic necrosis

A

Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, Acetaminophen (HAVAc)

38
Q

Rxn: Hepatitis

A

INH- isoniazid

39
Q

Rxn: Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Rx: Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

40
Q

Rxn: Adrenocortical insuffic

A

Rx: Glucocorticoid w/drawal (HPA suppression)

41
Q

Rxn: Gynecomastia

A

Rx: Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimeditine, chronic alcohol use, estrogens, KetoconazoleSome Drugs Create Awkward Knockers

42
Q

Rxn: Hot flashes

A

Rx: Tamoxifen, Clomiphene

43
Q

Rxn: Hyperglycemia

A

Rx: Niacin, tacrolimus, protease-i, HCTZ, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, beta blockers

Taking Pills Necessitates Having Blood Checked

44
Q

Rxn: Hypothyroidism

A

Rx: Lithium, Amiodarone, Sulfonamides

Your LASt T

45
Q

Rxn: Fat redistribution

A

Glucocorticoids, protease-i

Fat PiG

46
Q

Rxn: Gingival hyperplasia

A

Phenytoin, Verapamil, Cyclosporine, nifedipine

47
Q

Rxn: Gout (hyperuricemia)

A

Pyrazinimide, Furosemide, Thiazides, NIacin, Cyclosporine

Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care

48
Q

Rxn: Myopathies

A

Rx: Fibrates, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, Interferon-a, Penicillamine, Statins, Glucocorticoids. Plus Daptomycin**
FisheD N CHIPS Give you myopathies

49
Q

Rxn: Osteoporosis

A

Corticosteroids, heparin, chronic use of Omeprazole

50
Q

Rxn: Photosensitivity

A

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline, 5-FU

SAT For a photo

51
Q

Rxn: Rash (SJS)

A

Rx: PCN, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital

Bad rash after a PEC SLAPP
Steven Johnson has epileptic Allergy to Sulfa drugs and Penicillin

52
Q

Rxn: SLE-like syndrome

A

Rx: Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Sulfa drugs, Etanercept-these drugs are acetylated in the liver! it’s been found that many ppl w Lupus are Slow Acetylators.

Not HIPP to have lupus
Having lupus is “SHIPP-E”

53
Q

Rxn: Teeth changes (kds)

A

Rx: Tetracyclines

54
Q

Rxn: Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage dmge

A

Rx: Fluoroquinolones

55
Q

Rxn: Nephrogenic DI

A

Rx: Lithium, demeclocycline (tetracycline)

56
Q

Rxn: Fanconi’s

A

Rx: Expired tetraycline

57
Q

Rxn: Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Rx: Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)

58
Q

Rxn: Interstitial nephritis

A

Rx: Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

59
Q

Rxn: SIADH

A

Rx: Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

Can’t Concentrate Serum Sodium

60
Q

Rxn: Cinchoism

A

Rx: Quinidine, Quinine

61
Q

Rxn: Parkinson-like syndrome

A

Antipsychotics, Reserpine (inhibits dopamine –> NE), Metoclopramide
(ARM)

62
Q

Rxn: Seizures

A

Rx: Isoniazid (if given without pyridoxine/B6), Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide

With seizures, I BITE My tongue

63
Q

Rxn: Tardive dyskinesia

A

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

64
Q

Rxn: Antimuscarinic

A

Rx: Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, Antipsychotics (low potency -Thi Chlor)

65
Q

Rxn: Disulfiram-like rxn

A

Rx: Metronidazole, certain Cephalosporins, Procarbazine, 1st-gen Sulfonylureas, griseofulvin

66
Q

Rxn: Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity

A

Rx: Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin, Loop diuretics, Cisplatin

67
Q

Rxn: Serotonin Syndrome

A

Rx: Cryoheptadine (5-HT1/2 receptor antagonist, Antihistamine)

68
Q

P-450 Inducers

A 
Chronic Alcohol Use
Modafinil 
St John's wort
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital
Nevirapine
Rifampin
Griseofulvin
Carbamazepine

Chronic alcoholic Mona Steals Phen-Phen and Never Refuses Greasy Carbs

69
Q

P-450 Inhibitors

A 
Acute alcohol abuse
Gemfibrozil
Cipro
Isoniazid
Grapefruit juice
Quinidine
Amiodarone
Ketoconazole
Marcolides
Sulfonamides
Cimetidine
Ritonavir

A cute Gentleman Cipped Iced Grapefruit juice Quickly And Kept Munching on Soft Cinnamon Rolls

70
Q

Sulfa drugs

A

Probenicid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide Ab’s, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylureas-
Rxns: fever, UTI, pruritic rash, SJS, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria (hives)

71
Q

Tox: Adenosine

A

-Antidote: Theophylline and caffeine

72
Q

Tox: Serotonin (Serotonin Syndrome)–> clonus/hyperreflexia, CV collapse (tachy), flushing, hyperthermia, diarrhea, seizures, confusion, agitation

A

-antidote: Cyrohepatidine (5HT1/2 antagonist)

73
Q

1st dose hypotension

A

-ACE-is (make sure pt not on a diuretic –> hypovolemia –> exacerbates the medications’ effects)-A1 antagonists (e.g. Prazosin, Tamsulosin)

74
Q

Rxn: diarrhea

A

causes: Might Excite Colon On Accident

Metformin, Erythromycin, Colchicine, Orlistat, Acarbose

75
Q

Rxn: pancreatitis

A

Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress:

Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic Acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics

76
Q

Rxn: thrombocytopenia

A

causes: Heparin, cimetidine

77
Q

p450 substrates

A

Anti epileptics, Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anesthetics, Theophylline, Warfarin, Statins, OCPs

Always, Always, Always, Always Think When Starting Others

Pharm (15 decks)

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