Tox Flashcards
Toxidrome: sweating, drooling, vomiting, HTN, pinpoint pupils
cholinergic OD (organophosphates) - tx w/ atropine + pralidoxime
confirm CO poisoning w/ what test
COHb level
toxidrome: AMS, fever, tachycardia, dilated pupils, flushed face, dry mucous membranes
anticholinergic
toxidrome: AMS, fever, tachycardia, dilated pupils, diaphoresis
sympathomimetic
INH OD sxs
seizures refractory to benzos
DM med commonly causing refractory hypoglycemia
glyburide (sulfonylurea) - antidote is octreotide
OD: N/V, diaphoresis, fever, tinnitus
aspirin - then causes respiratory alkalosis -> metabolic acidosis
tx for cocaine toxicity
benzos
withdrawal: agitation, vomiting, diaphoresis, piloerection, body aches
opioid
drug use: cool sweaty skin, nystagmus, myoclonic jerks
PCP - can tx w/ chemical sedation
osmolar gap, what does it indicate?
osmolar gap = measured - calculated
>50 indicates presence of toxic alcohols
tx for ingestion w/ EKG of wide QRS + terminal R in aVR
sodium bicarb -> narrows the QRS (expect TCA OD)
ingestion: metabolic acidosis + crystalluria
ethylene glycol
fomepizole treats what ingestions?
methanol or ethylene glycol (blocks alcohol dehydrogenase)
ingestion: GI + CNS disturbances w/ breath smelling like acetone + ketones in urine
isopropyl alcohol (ketosis w/o acidosis)
tx for salicylate tox
- activated charcoal
- IV fluids
- sodium bicarb (alkalizes serum + urine to keep salicylic acid out of brain + inc urinary excretion)
tox: abd pain, N/V/D, hematemesis
iron OD - tx w/ deferoxamine
anticholinergic antidote
physostigmine
tox: Vfib in young healthy person after sudden exercise
butane (hydrocarbon)
tox: pupil dilation, sweating, fever, HTN + hyponatremia
MDMA (amphetamine + serotonin release)
tx for stuffer
activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol
tox: cyanosis w/ pulse ox reading lower than ABG sat
methemoglobinemia - tx w/ methylene blue
