Tourism Flashcards
Give reasons for growth in tourism
•Internet (social)
•budget airlines (economic)
-Jet2
-EasyJet
-Ryanair
•Early Retirement (social + economic)
•Advertising (social)
•Improved accessibility (economic)
•Higher salaries are being earned (economic)Give reasons why people would visit Europe for tourism
World famous attractions: Eiffel Tower (Paris) Disneyland (Paris) The Louvre (Paris) The Colosseum (Rome) The Vatican (Rome) The Sistine Chapel (Rome) Trevi Fountain (Rome) Great beaches Excellent hiking opportunities (Alps) Tower of London (London) Big Ben (London) Buckingham Palace (London)
Why would tourists tend to avoid certain regions of Africa for holidays?
Full of LIC’s (low income country)
Diseases such as ebola and malaria (western Africa)
Tourists are kidnapped by pirates (Somalia)
Extreme religious views
Harsh Dictatorships (Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe)
Why wouldn’t tourists visit Somalia?
Piracy ☠
Child soldiers 🔫👱🏽🔪
War torn country 🔫⚔🗡🔪💣
Why wouldn’t tourists visit Zimbabwe?
Economic Issues (inflation) 💷💷💷💷💷
Dictatorships (Mugabe) ✊🏼💀
Political Instability 👎🏻
Why wouldn’t tourists visit the Congo?
Civil conflict ⚔🗡💣🔫🔪💀
Why is tourism BAD for Antigua?
Can damage economy 💷, the culture 👱🏽 and the land 🏞
Relies heavily on tourism 💷🤑
Water shortages are not helped by tourism 💧
No farming 🐂🐐🐄🐏🐖🌱🎍 or manufacturing 🏢
Cruise ship companies organise own tours “robbing” local taxi drivers of business 🚖🛳💷
All inclusive holidays
Jobs are low paid
What is tourism?
Tourism is where you stay away from home in a different location for at least one night
Why do developing countries welcome tourism?
Tourism is welcomed in developing countries because it is one of the main
Explain the six stages of the Butler model
1: Exploration - a small number of people begin to visit a naturally beautiful area.
2: Involvement - small scale businesses set up in these places to attract more people
3: Development - infrastructure is developed to allow more tourists (e.g. Hotels)
4: Consolidation - the area is at it’s height of popularity will attractions busy and accommodation full
5: Stagnation - the area begins to become run down, the facilities aren’t updated and prices plummet. This attracts the wrong kind of people which puts people off visiting the area
6: Rejuvenation or Decline - The area is either rebuilt and made a popular destination again via a rejuvenation scheme (e.g. ReBlackpool) or is left to become a place nobody will visit
What is sustainability?
The ability to keep something going for a long period of time without damaging the needs of the future
How did Blackpool know it was becoming less popular?
Visitor numbers fell by 6,000,000 (six million)
1000 hotels closed down
Hotels were often only 25% full
How much did Blackpool spend on rejuvenation?
£250,000,000 (250 million pounds)
How did Blackpool rejuvenate itself?
The £250 million Re-Blackpool scheme
What did the Re-Blackpool scheme bring to Blackpool?
- Upgrade on Blackpool illuminations (£10 million)
- Cleaner beaches, three of which fly the blue flag
- New attractions such as the Sandcastles waterpark opened in 2006
- A glass skywalk at the top of Blackpool Tower (£10 million)
- The famous Comedy Carpet was installed (£3 million)
- Blackpool’s Promenade was improved with new street furniture and art installations
- A new visitor’s centre was set up for tourists to receive information about Blackpool.
Define Mass Tourism
Mass tourism is where large quantities of people visit a particular place
What attractions cause mass tourism to Kenya in Africa?
•Safaris such as the ‘Big Five’
-Rhinoceros, elephant, lion, leopard and buffalo
•The tropical beaches in Malindi and Mombasa
•Natural scenery such as national parks, Mt. Kenya and My. Kilimanjaro
•Local tribes (e.g. The Masai)
What are the impacts of mass tourism on Kenya?
- Tourists get too close to the animals on safaris. Causes animals to flee from feeding their young. Leads to starvation.
- All-Inclusive restaurants reduce income in local restaurants
- Minibuses for safaris go off the beaten track, this disturbs the wildlife and destroys the savannah’s vegetation
- Tourist lodges use too much of the water supply and do not dispose waste appropriately
- Many hotels/lodges owned by foreign companies. Less income for locals
Benefits of mass tourism for Kenya
- earns $1 billion annually
- helps Kenya earn more money than the country spends
- provides jobs in the hotels for the locals
- tourists are interested in seeing the wildlife so the animals are protected
Negatives of mass tourism for Kenya
- People have been put off visiting Kenya due to political unrest
- environment is damaged by tourists on safari by going off tracks
Define Stewardship
To behave in a responsible way in a fragile area
Define Conservation
To protect a fragile area and/or wildlife
What is Ecotourism
Ecotourism is a sustainable type of tourism which takes environmental, social and cultural considerations into account
What are the features of the Kenyan National Tourism Master Plan
Diversify the country’s tourist product range (rafting, canoeing, etc.)
Better distribution of tourist activities
Double park entry fees
Less crowded safaris
Increase involvement of local tribes
What are the four extreme environments?
Polar lands (Arctic Circle and Antarctica)
Very dry (Sahara desert)
Great height and steepness (Himalayas)
Rainforests (The Amazon)
What are the attractions of an extreme environment you have studied? (Antarctica)
Wildlife (penguins, seals and whales) Kayaking in the Ross Sea Walks and hiking on Mt. Vinson Scuba diving Climbing Huskey dog sledding
Impacts of Tourism in Antarctica
Cruise ships carry only 100 tourists at a time (Polar Code)
Visitor numbers expected to double in 10 years
Only 2% of Antarctica is ice free. Soil destroyed by tourist bases
New airstrips displace wildlife
Tourists cannot go within 5m of wildlife
Ships often ignore the passenger limit of 100
Visitor guide given to all tourists
Raw sewage harms local marine life
Tourist activities destroy landscape
