Tourism

Question 1

7 continents

Answer 1

Antarctica, Oceania, Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America

Question 2

5 oceans

Answer 2

Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific, Southern, Indian

Question 3

What are east-west horizontal imaginary lines that express location from the Equator?

Answer 3

Latitudes

Question 4

What are north-south vertical imaginary lines that run through the North Pole and South Pole?

Answer 4

Longitudes

Question 5

Longitude of 0°

Answer 5

Prime Meridian

Question 6

Latitude of 23.5°N

Answer 6

Tropic of Cancer

Question 7

Latitude of 23.5°S

Answer 7

Tropic of Capricorn

Question 8

Latitude of 66.5°N

Answer 8

Arctic Circle

Question 9

Latitude of 66.5°S

Answer 9

Antarctic Circle

Question 10

Latitude of 90°N

Answer 10

North Pole

Question 11

Latitude of 90°S

Answer 11

South Pole

Question 12

What is longitude 180° the basis of?

Answer 12

International Date Line (GMT)

Question 13

N/E/S/W

Answer 13

Cardinal directions/ points

Question 14

Expressing direction

Answer 14

Compass point, whole circle bearing, reduced bearing

Question 15

Why do more and more HK people travel?

Answer 15

• Increasing income and leisure time
• Better transport network and more affordable transport cost
• Influence of mass media
• More convenient travel-related service

Question 16

Expand on “better transport network”

Answer 16

HK is a regional transport hub with flight service to many cities

Question 17

Example for “more affordable transport cost”

Answer 17

Low-cost airlines have been expanding in recent years

Question 18

Why is there an influence of mass media?

Answer 18

• Travel programmes on TV and the Internet provide new information about travel destinations
• Increasing popularity of overseas TV dramas + idols

Question 19

Example for “more convenient travel-related service”

Answer 19

Air tickets and hotels can be booked on the Internet easily

Question 20

Factors affecting HK people’s choice of travel destination

Answer 20

Distance, cost, purpose of trip, climate, safety

Question 21

Expand on “distance” factor

Answer 21

• Closer locations can be visited within short holidays like long weekends
• Closer locations generally mean lower transport cost

Question 22

What is the cost of the trip affected by?

Answer 22

Distance of the location, duration of the trip and cost of living

Question 23

Positive economic impacts of tourism (3)

Answer 23

• Provide job opportunities
• More income for local people and the government
• Boost economic development

Question 24

Negative economic impacts of tourism (6)

Answer 24

• higher cost of living
• small businesses find it hard to compete with large companies
• creates seasonal unemployment
• undiversified economic development (e.g. gift shops dominant at tourist sites)
• many tourist developments are owned by foreign countries -> some profits leak overseas and aren’t reinvested
• overdependence

Question 25

Positive social/ cultural impacts of tourism (4)

Answer 25

• revenue from tourism is invested in education and local communities
• more services originally built for tourists are provided for locals (e.g. leisure facilities and hospitals)
• resources to promote cultural heritage/ cultural exchange
• important cultural locations/ heritages are given greater protection

Question 26

Negative social/ cultural impacts of tourism (7)

Answer 26

• overcrowding in places/ transport near tourist sites
• stress on local infrastructure (e.g. traffic congestion and blackouts)
• cultural conflicts: change the traditional lifestyles of locals, spoil the authencity of local culture, commercialisation
• some historical heritage may disapper
• shops serving locals replaced by shops for tourists
• encourage crimes in tourist areas
• damage historical sites

Question 27

Positive environmental impacts of tourism (1)

Answer 27

resources & incentives for conservation (e.g. more national parks to protect wildlife)

Question 28

Negative environmental impacts of tourism (5)

Answer 28

• damage done to the natural/ marine environment, wildlife habitats and natural features
• an increase in hotels & tourists facilities can cause air, noise, land and water pollution contributing to climate change
• deforestation
• reclamation
• visual pollution

Question 29

Features of sustainable tourism in the economic aspect (2)

Answer 29

• provide jobs for locals
• generate income from tourists for economic development

Question 30

Features of sustainable tourism in the social aspect (4)

Answer 30

• respect and preserve local culture
• encourage tourists to understand local culture
• minimise negative impacts on local communities
• involve locals to participate in tourism development

Question 31

Features of sustainable tourism in the environmental aspect (2)

Answer 31

• minimise negative impacts on environment
• conserve natural habitats and wildlife

Question 32

Strategies to make tourism more sustainable (3)

Answer 32

Legislation, education and promotion, involvement of stakeholders

Question 33

Legislation example to conserve cultural heritage and promote cultural tourism

Answer 33

Heritage protection laws

Question 34

Expand on “promotion and education”

Answer 34

• campaigns and websites to promote cultural spots to attract visitors
• **heritage ambassadors **trained as tour guides to educate tourists
• promote cultural exchange between tourists and locals/ native tribes

Question 35

Examples for “involvement of stakeholders”

Answer 35

• govt collecting opinions from stakeholders
• tourism operators are urged to fulfil corporate social responsibility