Tourism

Question 1

Positive impacts of tourism

Answer 1

• jobs created
• more money for the country
• local traditions and customs kept alive because tourists enjoy traditional shows
• money from tourism can be used to protect the landscape
• new facilities for the tourists also benefit locals (e.g new roads)
• greater demand for local food and crafts

Question 2

Negative impacts of tourism

Answer 2

• jobs are often seasonal and are poorly paid
• economic leakages- money goes out of the area to big companies, not locals
• culture and traditions change as outsiders arrive
• damage to the natural environment leg footpath erosion, litter, habitats destroyed to build hotels
• overcrowding and traffic jams
• prices increase in local shops as tourists are often more wealthy than the local population

Question 3

Positive impacts of tourism in Jamaica

Answer 3

ECONOMIC:

• in 2018, 30% of Jamaica’s economy was in tourism
• one in four Jamaicans are employed in tourism, in hotels, restaurants, gift shops, running tourist experiences
• 4.3 million tourists visited Jamaica in 2017
• more tourism, more development: buildings developments, larger ports for boats/cruises

ECOTOURISM:

• Entrance fees are used for conservation of national/marine parks
• desire to visit+ conserve drives the conservation process

COMMUNITY TOURISM:

• this is being promoted in Jamaica, and so more money goes to locals
• especially in south-west Jamaica
• The JTB promotes positive aspects of Jamaican culture, e.g Bob Marley Museum in Kingston

Question 4

Negative impacts of tourism in Jamaica

Answer 4

• many jobs are seasonal- unemployment
• large TNCs such as Thomas Cook organise holidays and make most of the money, so profits go to MEDCs
• local employees are paid low wages, whereas managers from other countries tend to earn more
• cultural pollution/ dilution: Jamaica has a problem with sex tourism and drugs
• land for the massive hotels takes away from farmers
• water use increases for drinking, washing and recreation, taking water from locals
• locals cannot afford the facilities put into place for tourists

Question 5

Why do people visit Jamaica?

Answer 5

• 1.9 million stopover tourists in 2011
• beaches: water sports Montego Bay, fishing at Port Antonio, caves at Cockpit County
• golf courses such as next to Kingston town
• cultural activities, such as: various historic plantation houses (e.g Port Maria)
• environmental tourist attractions such as bird sanctuaries inland from Montego Bay
• botanic gardens
• National Park in the Blue Mountains

Question 6

How has Jamaica attempted to reduce the impacts of tourism?

Answer 6

NATIONAL PARKS:
- entry fees pay for conservation
- National environmental planning agency has overseen the governments sustainable development strategy since 2001
MARINE PARKS:
- education of tourists (leg by attending a lecture before), lots of info boards about pollution reduce damage to coral reefs
- a limit is imposed on how many fish can be caught
ECOTOURISM
- e.g raft trips on the Rio Grande river- tourists are taken downstream in very small groups- rafts rely solely on manpower- leave single with a large time gap to minimise disturbance of forest
COMMUNITY TOURISM:
- e.g Astra County Inn in Mandeville- a pioneer hotel in community tourism. They work with loca, community to promote bed+breakfast accommodation in people’s homes, train local guides and promise and use local suppliers