TOS (chapter 2) Flashcards
The objective of a structural engineer is to design a
structure that will be able to withstand all the loads to
which it is subjected while serving its intended purpose
throughout its intended life span
Loads on Structures
are gravity loads of constant magnitudes
and fixed positions due to the weight of the structural system
itself and any other material permanently attached to it.
Dead Loads
are gravity loads of varying magnitudes
and/or positions caused by the use of the structure.
Live Loads
When live loads are applied rapidly to a structure, they cause
larger stresses than those that would be produced if the same
loads would have been applied gradually.
IMPACT LOADS
states that unit live loads from
NSCP 2015 Table 205-1 may be reduced using the following
equation for any member having an influence area of 40 m2 or more.
NSCP 2015 Section 205.6
are lateral loads produced by the flow
of wind around the structure.
Wind Loads
produced loadings on a structure
through its interaction with the ground and its response
characteristics. lateral loads produced by the flow of wind
around the structure.
Earthquake Loads
– the dynamic effect of the load (usually live load) that
causes the increase in stress when the loads are rapidly applied to a
structure.
Impact Loads –
these are loads due to snow which are considered in other
countries that can cause a possible failure of the structure.
Snow Loads
– loads on a structure used to retain water such as dams
and tanks as well as coastal structures designed to resist hydrostatic
pressure.
Hydrostatic Loads
loads from soil pressure resisted by retaining walls,
underground structures, and basement walls and floors.
Soil Loads –
loads on a structure caused by stresses due to
temperature changes, shrinkage of materials, fabrication errors, and
differential settlements of supports.
Thermal Loads
