Toruism Flashcards
What is tourism and what 5 lifestyle changes in MEDCs has made the industry expand?
Visiting places where you are not a local, for pleasure.
- Increase in paid annual holiday leave.
- Wages increased faster than inflation so holidays more affordable.
- Travel programmes
- Ageing society: Higher life expectancy + Early retirement = More older people can travel.
- Air fares reduced, cheap airlines & independent travel agents.
Name the 3 types of tourist destinations and their characteristics.
- Cities: Shops, restaurants, theatres, museums, architecture, bustle.
- Mountains: Views, trekking, climbing, skiing.
- Coasts: Sunbathing, watersports, nightlife.
What are the stages of the Butler Model, in order?
Discovery/Exploration, Involvement, Development, Consolidation, Stagnation, Decline OR Rejuvenation.
What happens at the discovery/exploration stage of the Butler Model?
Area seen as potential tourist attraction by very few, little to no tourist services.
What happens at the involvement stage of the Butler Model?
People begin knowing about the place and coming, opportunities noticed, small services begin being created.
What happens at the development stage of the Butler Model?
No. of tourists rises, more facilities even from large businesses, hotels built, jobs created.
What happens at the consolidation stage of the Butler Model?
Things are getting older, secure, tourists is large part of economy, almost at peak.
What happens at the stagnation stage of the Butler Model?
Reaches peak and decline begins, no longer fashionable.
What happens at the decline or rejuvenation stage of the Butler Model?
Decline - Loses tourists, out of business, main visitors are day trippers.
Rejuvenation - New ways to improve and get back on track, try to modernise area again.
Outline the Lake District National Park case study.
Human attractions: History (old towns/museums), sports, accessible, cheap.
Physical attractions: Views (country, lakes, mountains), walks, wildlife, peace & quiet.
Problems: Limited supply of property>high house prices, ppl buy 2nd houses so are unoccupied most of yr>crime, school/shops close, traffic/parking (90% come in car), litter, path erosions, air pollution, trampling plants.
Management:
- Honeypot sites: Area attracting many ppl, more developed & busy but stops too many going elsewhere.
- Stone pitching & adding/repairing more public footpaths.
- Car parks outside park so ppl walk more
- Cross lake shuttle: Used instead of driving –> Less pollution.
What is mass tourism, it’s most likely stage on the Butler Model and 2 reasons that set it off?
When large no. of tourists visit a destination.
Could be on consolidation stage.
Package holidays and decrease in air travel cost.
What are package holidays?
Paying for flights, accommodation & food in advance all together.
Outline the Jamaica mass tourism case study.
Masterplan - Sustainable tourism.
3 Main Goals - Limit development to existing resorts, Spread small scale tourism out, Involve locals.
Human attractions: Culture, music, food, hotel/spas, sports.
Physical attractions: Mountains, greenery, beaches, wildlife.
+ effects: Jobs for locals, exposure to culture, major part of economy.
- effects: Economic leakage, inequalities.
Maintenance strategies:
-Community tourism: Locals run guesthouses in less developed towns.
-Responsible tourism: Aim to do as little harm as possible…
…Local guides avoid bad areas.
…Signpost local businesses encouraging to buy from local trades.
…Employ locals & use their locally grown food.
…Tourist & locals interaction e.g ‘Meet the People’ program.
…Educate the tourists & locals about sustainability & helping.
What is economic leakage?
Foreign companies send money out of their current location to their country. Takes away business for the locals and potential money for the economy.
What is ecotourism and stewardship?
Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and aims to improve sustainability & well-being of locals.
Stewardship is the personal responsibility of looking after the environment and Earths resources.
