TORCH INFECTIONS Flashcards
- Infection of the genital tract without symptoms
- Variable manifestation from asymptomatic to severe
- Infect baby’s brain and damage developing bone structures.
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
Manifestations of “Cytomegalovirus”
Fetal effects:
- Microcephaly
- Cerebral Calcification
- Chorioretinitis
- Tepatosplenomegaly - possible bleeding internally
Causes of Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus
Transmission of Cytomegalovirus
Droplet: Sneezing
Manifestations of Cytomegalovirus in “NEONATAL PERIOD”
- Early Jaundice
- Hematemesis
- Melena
- Hematuria
- Death
Treatment for Cytomegalovirus
Antiviral (Zovirax) - not safe in early part of pregnancy (teratogenic)
Prevention for Cytomegalovirus
- Avoid having sex with a possible contaminated partner
- Have a monogamous relationship
“Liver’ infection caused by HBV and HVC
Hepatitis B & C
Risk factors of Hepa B & C
- Unvaccinated
- Sexually Active
Causes of HBV & HCV
Hepatitis Virus ( B&C)
Transmission of Hepa B & C
- Sex , semen ,blood exposure
- Transferred through placenta or breastfeeding
Manifestations of Hepa B & C
- Acute Hepatitis, changes in liver function
- Maybe asymptomatic at birth
Diagnosis for Hepa B& C
HBsAg
Painful “vesicles” in the Vulva and peri-anal area
HERPES
Causes for Herpes
HERPES SIMPLEX 1- ORAL
HERPES SIMPLEX 2 - GENITAL - DANGEROUS FOR BABY ( ANAL AND GENITAL)
Transimission of Herpes
Contact
Break in skin or mucuous membrane
NB: At birth
Manifestations of Herpes
- Early: pinpoint vesicles on erythematous base
- ulcerated vesicle and open lesions
- profuse discharge
- pain when contact
Diagnostics for Herpes
- Culture of lesion from vulva, vagina, cervix or penis.
- Appearance of lesions
- Pap Smear
Management for Herpes
- NO CURE!
- Avoid Sex or use condom
- use glove applying ointment or vaginal gel
- Warm bath, 3x a day
- Pap test (yearly)
A slowly replicating virus. Acts by attacking the CD4-bearing helper T lymphocytes
HIV
Transimission of HIV
- Exposure to blood and / or body excretions through sex
- Sharing needles and punctures
- Fetus: Perinatally
- Breastfeeding
Manifestations of HIV
Mother
Early: fatigue, anemia, diarrhea, and weight loss
Initial: Mild, flu-like symptoms
Early signs of infected newborn ( HIV )
- Enlargement of the liver or spleen
- Lymphadenopathy
- Failure to thrive
- Persistent Thrush
- Extensive seborrheic dermatitis
Viral infection causing “RASH”
Rubella ( Congenital Rubella Syndrome )
Risk factors of Rubella
- Non- vaccinated before pregnancy
Cause of Rubella
Rubella Virus
Manifestations of Rubella
Mother : Mild rash and Mild Systemic
Fetus: Hearing impairment, cognitive and motor challenges , cataracts, cardiac defects, restricted intrauterine growth, Cleft Lip
Diagnosis for Rubella
- Rubella Titer
Medical Treatment for Rubella
- Give Gamma globulin; not the vaccine
- All pregnant women should avoid contact with children with rashes.
- Post partum- may give but no pregnancy for at least 3 months
- Infant Isolation
Bacterial Infection causing “ painless sore in genitals, rectum or mouth
SYPHILIS
Causes of Syphilis
TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
Transmission of Syphilis
- ## Skin or mucuous membrane contact
an infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is commonly found in cat feces, contaminated food or water, and undercooked meat, especially pork, lamb, and venison.
Toxoplasmosis
Manifestations of Toxoplasmosis: (MATERNAL)
May cause repeated abortion
Toxoplasmosis may cause fetal effects like
- Fetal hydrocephaly
2.choriorenitis - Cerebral calcification
Diagnosis for Toxoplasmosis
Pregnancy Serum Analysis ( Amniocentesis )
Treatment for toxoplasmosis
Antibiotics ( Sulfadiazine )
Abortion is an Option
Prevention:
Hand Hygiene
Remove unhealthy cat
Do not touch Cat litter
Painless sore in genitals, rectum or mouth
Syphilis
