Topography of the limbs - extra practice thoracic limb

Question 1

Topographical borders of the - thoracic limb

Answer 1

• Sulcus suprascapularis
• Sulcus praescapularis
• Sulcus pectoralis lateralis
• Linea musculi tricipitis

Question 2

Regions of the thoracic limb

Answer 2

• r. scapularis
• r. articulationis humeri
• r. brachialis
• r. tricipitalis
• r. cubiti
• r. olecrani
• r. antebrachii
• r. carpi
• r. metacarpi
• r. phalangea

Question 3

Other regions of thoracic limb (what is different/extra)

Answer 3

These after r. metacarpi instead of r. phalangea:

• r. metacarpophalangea
• r. phalangis proximalis
• r. phalangis media
• r. ungulare

Question 4

Visible and palpable bone structures in dog

Answer 4

• Cartilago scapulae
• Margo cranialis scapulae (proximal part)
• Margo caudalis scapulae (proximal part)
• Spina scapulae
• Tuberculum majus humeri
• Tuberositas deltoidea
• Olecranon
• Epicondylus ossis humeri lateralis et
  medialis
• Extremitas proximalis radii
• Spatium interosseum antebrachii
• Procc. styloideus ulnae et radii
• Os carpi accessorium
• Ossa carpi

Question 5

Visible bone structures - horse

Answer 5

• Tuber spinae scapulae
• Tuberculum majus humeri
  p.cranialis
• Tuberositas deltoidea
• Olecranon
• Procc. styloideus lateralis et
  medialis radii
• Os carpi accessorium
• Tuberositas ossis metacarpi III
• Proximal part of ungular
  cartilage

Question 6

Palpable bone structures - horse

Answer 6

• Cartilago scapulae (free margin)
• Margo cranialis scapulae (proximal part)
• Margo caudalis scapulae (proximal part)
• Tuberculum majus humeri pars caudalis
• Tuberositas deltoidea
• Caput radii (lateral part)
• Ossa carpi
• Distal extremities of splint bones
• Extremitas distalis ossis metacarpi III
• Ossa sesamoidea phalangis proximalis
• Extremitas proximalis et distalis ossis compedale
• Extremitas proximalis ossis coronalis

Question 7

Visible of bone structures - cattle

Answer 7

• Cartilago scapulae (free extremity)
• Margo caudalis scapulae (proximal part)
• Spina scapulae
• Tuberculum majus humeri
• Olecranon
• Os carpi accessorium
• Os metacarpale V
• Tuberositas ossium metacarpi III

Question 8

Palpable of bone structures - cattle

Answer 8

• Margo cranialis scapulae (proximal part)
• Tuberositas deltoidea
• Epicondylus lateralis humeri
• Extremitas proximalis radii (lateral part)
• Procc. styloideus ulnae et radii
• Ossa carpi
• Extremitas distalis ossis metacarpi III/IV
• Ossa sesamoidea ph.proximalis
• Extremitas proximalis et distalis ossis compedale
• Extremitas proximalis ossis coronalis

Question 9

Muscular groves 1 (sulci musculares)

Answer 9

• Linea m. tricipitis (margo tricipitalis, s. linea
  anconea)
• Lateral anconear groove (sulcus anconeus lateralis)
  between caput laterale tricipitis and m. brachialis;
  between m. extensor carpi radialis and m. ext.
  digitorum communis and m. ext. carpi ulnaris,
• Lateral bicipital groove (s. bicipitalis lateralis)
  between m. biceps brachii and m. brachialis
• Medial bicipital groove (s. bicipitalis medialis)
  between m. biceps brachii and os humeri

Question 10

Muscular groves 2 (sulci musculares)

Answer 10

• Radial groove (s. radialis) between m. extensor carpi
  radialis and m. externsor digitorum communis
• Lateral antebrachial groove (s. antebrachii lateralis)
  between m. extensor digitorum communis and m.
  extensor digitorum lateralis and m. extensor carpi
  ulnaris
• Ulnar groove (s. ulnaris) between m. extensor carpi
  ulnaris and m. flexor carpi ulnaris
• Median groove (s. medianus) between m. extensor carpi
  radialis and mm. flexores digitorum
• Lateral and medial metacarpal groove (s. metacarpalis
  lateralis et medialis) between m. interosseus and m.
  flexor digitorum profundus

Question 11

Visible veins

Answer 11

• Cephalic vein (v. cephalica)
• Cephalic accessory vein (v. cephalica accessoria)

Question 12

Common integument:

Answer 12

• Skin covered with outer hairs (capilli) in Eq, Bo, Ca,
• in Ov – wool hairs (pili lanei) (to the autopodium level)
  autopodium – outer hairs
• u Su – bristlers (setae),
• Outer hairs variations: fetlock tufts (cirrus metarcaplis)
  covering ergot (calcar metacrpeum)
• Carpal hairs (pili carpales), tactile hairs (pili tactiles
  carpales) in cat

Question 13

Joint injections

Answer 13

• Ca – dog in lateral recumbency, joint flexed (angle 90°), the
  needle should be introduced between lateral epicondyle of
  humerus and olecranon, directed cranially and medially
  (ventrally).
• Bo – the needle length 6 cm, standing animal, the needle should
  be introduced between lateral collateral ligament and m. extensor
  carpi ulnaris, directed horizontally.
• Eq – needle length 4 cm, the
  needle should be introduced
  from lateral, cranially or
  caudally from lateral collateral
  ligament, half between lateral
  epicondyle of humerus and
  radial tuberosity, horizontally