Topics- Science assess

Question 1

Priority groups highest to lowest:

Answer 1

COOH > ester > acid chloride > amide > nitrile > aldehyde > ketone > alcohol > thiol > amine > alkene > alkyne > alkane > ether > alkyl halide > nitro

Question 2

Bond angle sp3

Answer 2

109.5

Question 3

Bond angle sp2

Answer 3

120

Question 4

Bond angle sp

Answer 4

180

Question 5

Which of the following would result in the shortest bond in an atom?

A) one σ bond only

B) two π bond only

C) two σ bonds only

D) one σ bond and one π bond only

Answer 5

one σ bond and one π bond only

Question 6

Carbocations run in ___ mechanisms

Answer 6

SN1

Question 7

Concerted mechanisms are

Answer 7

SN2

Question 8

aldehydes can be oxidized to

Answer 8

carboxylic acids

Question 9

Ketone + LiAlH₄ =

Answer 9

Secondary alcohol

Question 10

What types of compounds can’t be oxidized to a carboxylic acid?

Answer 10

Tertiary alcohol

Question 11

What does a tosylate do?

Answer 11

it turns alcohol intoa better leaving group

Question 12

Jones oxidation

Answer 12

1˚ alcohol -> COOH

2˚ alcohol -> ketone

Question 13

Grignard reagent + aldehyde

what is it and what does it do when reacted w/ an aldehyde?

Answer 13

R-MgBr

It dissociates into a carbocation that will serve as the nucleophile.

When reacted with an aldehyde, You get a secondary alcohol

Question 14

Grignard reagent + ketone =

Answer 14

tertiary alcohol

Question 15

What is an Imine

and how is it formed?

Answer 15

C=N

formed when aldehyde or ketone is reacted w/ ammonia

Question 16

1st step of base-catalyzed keto-enol tautomerization?

Answer 16

Acidity of the proton alpha to the carbonyl; formation of a carbanion

Question 17

Aldol additions

Answer 17

Enolate attacks a carbonyl carbon leading to a new C-C bond

Question 18

Which can’t be oxidized to form a COOH?

A) 1˚ alcohol

B) alkyl benzene

C) ketone

D) aldehyde

Answer 18

Ketone

Question 19

Saponificaiton

Answer 19

when a long chain ester is reacted with sodium or potassium hydroxide, a salt of the acid forms

Question 20

Order of reactivity of COOH derivaties?

Esters, acid anhydrides, acyl halides, amides

Answer 20

acyl halides > acid anhydrides > esters > amides

Question 21

Strecker synthesis of amino acids

Answer 21

(1) aminonitrile formation (2) protonation of the aminontrile and attack by water to turn the nitrile into a COOH

Question 22

DNA backbone

Answer 22

Sugar-phosphate backbone with nitrogenous bases attached to the sugar rings

Question 23

IR peak 1680-1750cm-1 =

Answer 23

C=O

Question 24

IR 3000-3500 cm-1 broad

Answer 24

O-H

Question 25

IR 1200-1400cm-1

Answer 25

C-C

Question 26

IR 2800-3000 cm-1

Answer 26

C-H

Question 27

using UV-Vis, which molecule would absorb the largest wavelength? Ethanol, methane, ammonia, benzene

Answer 27

benzene

Question 28

order in increasing boiling points: COOH, aldehyde, alcohol

Answer 28

aldehyde \< alcohol \< COOH

Question 29

Which aq reagent would be most suitable to extract phenol from CCl₄? Sodium bicarbonate, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride

Answer 29

Sodium hydroxide

Question 30

For a sample to travel the furthest in chromatography, it needs (high/low) affinity to the mobile phase and (high/low) affinity to the stationary phase

Answer 30

High affinity to the mobile phase, low affinity to the stationary phase