Topics for Midterm - Edited 2.0 Flashcards
List the 10 characteristics of a profession
* Institutional monopoly of services
* Autonomy
* Education and training requirements
* Provision of essential service
* Self governance
* Professional association
* Public trust
* Prestige, benefits and pay
* Professional behavior (Professional code of conduct)
* Lifelong learning
What is the ATA professional code of conduct?
* Minimum standards of professional conduct
* Anyone can file a complaint of unprofessional conduct against a member
* ATA investigates each complaint
* Teachers found guilty of unprofessional conduct face penalties such as reprimand, a fine, expulsion from the association, suspension or cancellation of certification
What is the role of the ATA?
Protects the profession and support teachers
Describe how the ATA got it’s legal basis
The Alberta Teaching Act of 1935 gave the ATA it’s legal basis
Describe the Constitution Act
* Established Canada as a nation
* section 93 granted authority for education to the provinces
* Guarantees Roman Catholics and Protestants minority rights to a separate education system
what is the Canadian Teachers Federation (Alberta Teachers)?
* Intervenes whenever the interests of teachers and students are at stake
* Continues to assist all teacher organizations across Canada in difficult times
What is the Alberta Teachers Association?
The Alberta Teachers Association:
* is a professional organization of teachers
* promotes and advances public education
* safeguards standards of professional practice
* serves as an advocate for its members.
What is the Alberta Teacher’s Alliance (1918)?
* The Alberta Teachers Alliance was established during World War I.
* Teaching was not really viewed as a “profession”.
* United teachers but had limited power
What is the Teaching Profession Act (1935), Educational?
* Gave the Alberta Teachers Association it’s legal foundation
Describe the Alberta Act from 1905
The minority rights are written into the Constitution Act enacted in the Alberta Act (1905), and encapsulated in the School Act.
Describe section 93 of the BNA act
section 93 granted authority for education to the provinces
What does the School Act describe?
- The relationship of the minister to students, parents and school jurisdictions
- Provides for the system of administration and financing of education in Alberta
- Defines the roles and responsibilities of school authorities, superintendents, principals and teachers, as well as a code of conduct for student
Who is Paulo Freire?
Paulo Freire, writer of the Pedagogy of the Oppressed
* He was a Brazilian educator
* He expanded on the progressivist approach to include social activism in change
* He was against the banking model, whereby teacher deposits information into students
* Helped the poor overcome their sense of powerlessness and worked on empowering them
* He was exiled in 1964 but returned to Brazil
* He became the Minister of Education and is responsible for two 2/3 of Brazil schools
* Believe students must be in charge of their own education and destiny
Who opposed the banking model? Explain the banking model…
It was Paulo Freire who oppossed the “banking model” of education. The “banking model”:
* Where a student is viewed as an empty bank account to be filled by the teacher
* Student is passive, teacher is source of knowledge
* The basic critique was not new– Rousseau’s conception of the child as an active learner was already a step away from John Locke’s notion of “tabula rasa”
What is critical pedagogy?
Critical pedagogy is a teaching method that aims to help in challenging and actively struggling against any form of social oppression
What is social reproduction?
Social reproduction is the emphasis on the structures and activities that transmit social inequality from one generation to the next
What is cultural transmission?
A way a group of people in a society pass on information
What is socialization in regards to education?
The process through which:
* Individuals develop a sense of self
* Acquired knowledge
* Skills
* Values
* Norms all in an effort to fill social roles
What is the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC)?
The Educational Resources Information Center otherwise known as ERIC is an educational database
Describe the primary agent of socialization
The primary agent of socialization stems from one’s family.
Describe the secondary agent of socialization
The secondary agent of socialization is school.
What is Cultural Assimilation?
Cultural assimilation is the process by which a person or a group’s language and culture come to resemble those of another group.
What is the Ministry of Education’s role of government in education?
- The Ministry of Education makes decisions about what is taught and sets education standards and policy.
- Sets education standards and policy
- The ministry operates under the direction of the Minister of Education, Hon. David Eggen.
What is the hidden curriculum?
Definition: The hidden curriculum is the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school.The hidden curriculum consists of the unspoken or implicit academic, social, and cultural messages that are communicated while in school.
What is functionalist?
A functionalist interpret each part of society in terms of how it contributes to stability of the whole society (I.E.How it contributes to a functioning society)
What is Marxist in relation to education?
Functionalists assume schools advance equal opportunity for all.Marxists suggest that the hidden curriculum works differently for different social classes.
What is cultural reproduction?
Schooling reproduces existing class structure, allowing subordinate groups to be reproduced and dominant groups to retain powerSchooling serves to maintain power and keep the status quo
What is social mobility?
Social mobility is the opposite of social reproduction, it refers to the movement of social classes within a society (I.E.with hard work someone in poverty can move up into the middle class or upper-class) ***Will not ask students to define social mobility on the exam but sometimes use that term in a question that relates to social reproduction.
What is Tabula Rasa and who came up with it?
Tabula Rasa, or “blank slate”, is the theory that at birth the human mind is a “blank slate”
Teacher-as-technician versus teacher-as-reflective practitioner
Teacher-As-Technician
* Locates the problem entirely in the students and their action
* Looks for a program or technique to fix the deviant behavior
Teacher-As-Reflective Practitioner
* Considers the teacher’s role in the problem
* Examines own motivation and the context in which the problem occurs
* Designs intervention for a specific situation and restructured the activity
What is Praxis?
Praxis is the process by which a theory, lesson, or skill is enacted, embodied, or realized
Paulo Freire defines praxis in Pedagogy of the Oppressed as “reflection and action directed at the structures to be transformed.”Through praxis, oppressed people can acquire a critical awareness of their own condition struggle for liberation
What is media’s perception of teacher’s?
Movies and television
* Teacher as unsung hero
* Teachers as outsiders
* Comic versus realistic portrayals
* Rule breaker teacher Print media
* Opinions/stories from newspapers
* Literature
Describe the “Apprenticeship of Observation”
Dan Lortie, a sociologist who has studied the work of teachers, coined the term apprenticeship of observation to describe the knowledge we attain about teaching during the years we watch her own teachers from kindergarten to high school graduation. He believed that in many ways those school years were like “serving an apprenticeship in teaching.”
Describe “Making the Familiar Strange” by Erikson
Look at teaching from the “other side of the desk”
Observe systematically and deliberately and notice particulars. Look at classroom as a cultureParticulars - specific people/class
What is the hidden curriculum of surveillance technology in schools?
* Trust * Fear/danger
* Privacy rights
* Freedom to choose
Why is socialization considered necessary? how does the hidden curriculum apply to this?
Socialization is considered necessary to ensure the stability and functioning of the social system. * Often taught and learned by means of hidden curriculum.
What are some simple examples of hidden messages children receive at school?
* Math is not your thing!
* War is bad!
* You are smart!
* Democracy equals freedom
* Use politically correct words
What is the purpose of education?
* To prepare students for the workforce
* to become well-rounded, knowledgeable, and thoughtful citizens
* To become critical thinkers and solve problems as they arise
* Teach children how to grow into “model citizens”
* To open the minds and ask for new ways of thinking about the world
* To propagate society’s traditions
What is the difference between schooling and education?
* Education and schooling go hand in hand but they’re not the same thing. Schooling is a formal form of education where students are taught about subjects based on curriculum that which happens in the classroom. * Education and its general sense is a form of learning in which the knowledge, Skills, and habits of her people are transferred from one generation to the next you’re teaching, training, or research.
Can one be educated without schooling?
Yes, when children are playing or building things they’re learning. When people read books, watch movies, travel, and volunteer in the community they are learning.
Why is the question of whether teaching as a profession or not is a red herring?
The real issue is the degree to which teachers can resist the deskilling and maintain some measure of autonomy within the school bureaucracy.
What is the functionalist interpretation of the role of education and society?
The functionalist perspective views education in terms of the functions it provides in society
- Transmission of cultural values
- Social control
- Social reproduction
- Preparation for the workforce
- economic training
- Socialization
Describe Paulo Freire’s philosophical orientation to education…
Paulo Freire’s philosophical orientation to education stems from a progressivist approach, but also expands on it in the way of social reconstructionism - social equality and new world order. He believes that education must involve dialogue and mutual understanding and must nurture spectrum between student and teacher, stressing that this is the key to the liberation of the oppressed.
What is perennialism?
Return to the classics, critical thinking
what is essentialism?
Return to basics, preparation for the workforce
what is progressivism?
Focus needs of students, inquiry learning
what is existentialism?
Education assigns meaning to students lives
what is social reconstruction?
Improving society, new social order
Functionalist versus Marxist
*Functionalists assume schools advance equal opportunity for all because curriculum is the same for all
* While Marxists suggests that the hidden curriculum works differently for different social classes
