Topics for Midterm - Edited 2.0

Question 1

List the 10 characteristics of a profession

Answer 1

* Institutional monopoly of services

* Autonomy

* Education and training requirements

* Provision of essential service

* Self governance

* Professional association

* Public trust

* Prestige, benefits and pay

* Professional behavior (Professional code of conduct)

* Lifelong learning

Question 2

What is the ATA professional code of conduct?

Answer 2

* Minimum standards of professional conduct

* Anyone can file a complaint of unprofessional conduct against a member

* ATA investigates each complaint

* Teachers found guilty of unprofessional conduct face penalties such as reprimand, a fine, expulsion from the association, suspension or cancellation of certification

Question 3

What is the role of the ATA?

Answer 3

Protects the profession and support teachers

Question 4

Describe how the ATA got it’s legal basis

Answer 4

The Alberta Teaching Act of 1935 gave the ATA it’s legal basis

Question 5

Describe the Constitution Act

Answer 5

* Established Canada as a nation

* section 93 granted authority for education to the provinces

* Guarantees Roman Catholics and Protestants minority rights to a separate education system

Question 6

what is the Canadian Teachers Federation (Alberta Teachers)?

Answer 6

* Intervenes whenever the interests of teachers and students are at stake

* Continues to assist all teacher organizations across Canada in difficult times

Question 7

What is the Alberta Teachers Association?

Answer 7

The Alberta Teachers Association:

* is a professional organization of teachers

* promotes and advances public education

* safeguards standards of professional practice

* serves as an advocate for its members.

Question 8

What is the Alberta Teacher’s Alliance (1918)?

Answer 8

* The Alberta Teachers Alliance was established during World War I.

* Teaching was not really viewed as a “profession”.

* United teachers but had limited power

Question 9

What is the Teaching Profession Act (1935), Educational?

Answer 9

* Gave the Alberta Teachers Association it’s legal foundation

Question 10

Describe the Alberta Act from 1905

Answer 10

The minority rights are written into the Constitution Act enacted in the Alberta Act (1905), and encapsulated in the School Act.

Question 11

Describe section 93 of the BNA act

Answer 11

section 93 granted authority for education to the provinces

Question 12

What does the School Act describe?

Answer 12

• The relationship of the minister to students, parents and school jurisdictions
• Provides for the system of administration and financing of education in Alberta
• Defines the roles and responsibilities of school authorities, superintendents, principals and teachers, as well as a code of conduct for student

Question 13

Who is Paulo Freire?

Answer 13

Paulo Freire, writer of the Pedagogy of the Oppressed

* He was a Brazilian educator

* He expanded on the progressivist approach to include social activism in change

* He was against the banking model, whereby teacher deposits information into students

* Helped the poor overcome their sense of powerlessness and worked on empowering them

* He was exiled in 1964 but returned to Brazil

* He became the Minister of Education and is responsible for two 2/3 of Brazil schools

* Believe students must be in charge of their own education and destiny

Question 14

Who opposed the banking model? Explain the banking model…

Answer 14

It was Paulo Freire who oppossed the “banking model” of education. The “banking model”:

* Where a student is viewed as an empty bank account to be filled by the teacher

* Student is passive, teacher is source of knowledge

* The basic critique was not new– Rousseau’s conception of the child as an active learner was already a step away from John Locke’s notion of “tabula rasa”

Question 15

What is critical pedagogy?

Answer 15

Critical pedagogy is a teaching method that aims to help in challenging and actively struggling against any form of social oppression

Question 16

What is social reproduction?

Answer 16

Social reproduction is the emphasis on the structures and activities that transmit social inequality from one generation to the next

Question 17

What is cultural transmission?

Answer 17

A way a group of people in a society pass on information

Question 18

What is socialization in regards to education?

Answer 18

The process through which:

* Individuals develop a sense of self

* Acquired knowledge

* Skills

* Values

* Norms all in an effort to fill social roles

Question 19

What is the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC)?

Answer 19

The Educational Resources Information Center otherwise known as ERIC is an educational database

Question 20

Describe the primary agent of socialization

Answer 20

The primary agent of socialization stems from one’s family.

Question 21

Describe the secondary agent of socialization

Answer 21

The secondary agent of socialization is school.

Question 22

What is Cultural Assimilation?

Answer 22

Cultural assimilation is the process by which a person or a group’s language and culture come to resemble those of another group.

Question 23

What is the Ministry of Education’s role of government in education?

Answer 23

• The Ministry of Education makes decisions about what is taught and sets education standards and policy.
• Sets education standards and policy
• The ministry operates under the direction of the Minister of Education, Hon. David Eggen.

Question 24

What is the hidden curriculum?

Answer 24

Definition: The hidden curriculum is the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school.The hidden curriculum consists of the unspoken or implicit academic, social, and cultural messages that are communicated while in school.

Question 25

What is functionalist?

Answer 25

A functionalist interpret each part of society in terms of how it contributes to stability of the whole society (I.E.How it contributes to a functioning society)

Question 26

What is Marxist in relation to education?

Answer 26

Functionalists assume schools advance equal opportunity for all.Marxists suggest that the hidden curriculum works differently for different social classes.

Question 27

What is cultural reproduction?

Answer 27

Schooling reproduces existing class structure, allowing subordinate groups to be reproduced and dominant groups to retain powerSchooling serves to maintain power and keep the status quo

Question 28

What is social mobility?

Answer 28

Social mobility is the opposite of social reproduction, it refers to the movement of social classes within a society (I.E.with hard work someone in poverty can move up into the middle class or upper-class) ***Will not ask students to define social mobility on the exam but sometimes use that term in a question that relates to social reproduction.

Question 29

What is Tabula Rasa and who came up with it?

Answer 29

Tabula Rasa, or “blank slate”, is the theory that at birth the human mind is a “blank slate”

Question 30

Teacher-as-technician versus teacher-as-reflective practitioner

Answer 30

Teacher-As-Technician

* Locates the problem entirely in the students and their action

* Looks for a program or technique to fix the deviant behavior

Teacher-As-Reflective Practitioner

* Considers the teacher’s role in the problem

* Examines own motivation and the context in which the problem occurs

* Designs intervention for a specific situation and restructured the activity

Question 31

What is Praxis?

Answer 31

Praxis is the process by which a theory, lesson, or skill is enacted, embodied, or realized

Paulo Freire defines praxis in Pedagogy of the Oppressed as “reflection and action directed at the structures to be transformed.”Through praxis, oppressed people can acquire a critical awareness of their own condition struggle for liberation

Question 32

What is media’s perception of teacher’s?

Answer 32

Movies and television

* Teacher as unsung hero

* Teachers as outsiders

* Comic versus realistic portrayals

* Rule breaker teacher Print media

* Opinions/stories from newspapers

* Literature

Question 33

Describe the “Apprenticeship of Observation”

Answer 33

Dan Lortie, a sociologist who has studied the work of teachers, coined the term apprenticeship of observation to describe the knowledge we attain about teaching during the years we watch her own teachers from kindergarten to high school graduation. He believed that in many ways those school years were like “serving an apprenticeship in teaching.”

Question 34

Describe “Making the Familiar Strange” by Erikson

Answer 34

Look at teaching from the “other side of the desk”

Observe systematically and deliberately and notice particulars. Look at classroom as a cultureParticulars - specific people/class

Question 35

What is the hidden curriculum of surveillance technology in schools?

Answer 35

* Trust * Fear/danger

* Privacy rights

* Freedom to choose

Question 36

Why is socialization considered necessary? how does the hidden curriculum apply to this?

Answer 36

Socialization is considered necessary to ensure the stability and functioning of the social system. * Often taught and learned by means of hidden curriculum.

Question 37

What are some simple examples of hidden messages children receive at school?

Answer 37

* Math is not your thing!

* War is bad!

* You are smart!

* Democracy equals freedom

* Use politically correct words

Question 38

What is the purpose of education?

Answer 38

* To prepare students for the workforce

* to become well-rounded, knowledgeable, and thoughtful citizens

* To become critical thinkers and solve problems as they arise

* Teach children how to grow into “model citizens”

* To open the minds and ask for new ways of thinking about the world

* To propagate society’s traditions

Question 39

What is the difference between schooling and education?

Answer 39

* Education and schooling go hand in hand but they’re not the same thing. Schooling is a formal form of education where students are taught about subjects based on curriculum that which happens in the classroom. * Education and its general sense is a form of learning in which the knowledge, Skills, and habits of her people are transferred from one generation to the next you’re teaching, training, or research.

Question 40

Can one be educated without schooling?

Answer 40

Yes, when children are playing or building things they’re learning. When people read books, watch movies, travel, and volunteer in the community they are learning.

Question 41

Why is the question of whether teaching as a profession or not is a red herring?

Answer 41

The real issue is the degree to which teachers can resist the deskilling and maintain some measure of autonomy within the school bureaucracy.

Question 42

What is the functionalist interpretation of the role of education and society?

Answer 42

The functionalist perspective views education in terms of the functions it provides in society

• Transmission of cultural values
• Social control
• Social reproduction
• Preparation for the workforce
• economic training
• Socialization

Question 43

Describe Paulo Freire’s philosophical orientation to education…

Answer 43

Paulo Freire’s philosophical orientation to education stems from a progressivist approach, but also expands on it in the way of social reconstructionism - social equality and new world order. He believes that education must involve dialogue and mutual understanding and must nurture spectrum between student and teacher, stressing that this is the key to the liberation of the oppressed.

Question 44

What is perennialism?

Answer 44

Return to the classics, critical thinking

Question 45

what is essentialism?

Answer 45

Return to basics, preparation for the workforce

Question 46

what is progressivism?

Answer 46

Focus needs of students, inquiry learning

Question 47

what is existentialism?

Answer 47

Education assigns meaning to students lives

Question 48

what is social reconstruction?

Answer 48

Improving society, new social order

Question 49

Functionalist versus Marxist

Answer 49

*Functionalists assume schools advance equal opportunity for all because curriculum is the same for all

* While Marxists suggests that the hidden curriculum works differently for different social classes