TOPIC TWO - Particle Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens when electron no. changes?

A

Ion

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2
Q

What happens when neutron no. changes?

A

Isotope

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3
Q

What happens when proton no. changes?

A

Different element

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4
Q

What is specific charge?

A

The charge per unit

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5
Q

How do you work out specific charge?

A

Charge/mass

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6
Q

What is the purpose of strong nuclear force?

A

Acts within the nucleus to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between protons,
Therefore keeps the nucleus stable by keeping protons and neutrons together

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7
Q

What is the exchange particle for strong nuclear force?

A

Pion

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8
Q

What is the distance of attraction for strong nuclear force?

A

0.5 fm - 3/4 fm

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9
Q

What is the distance of repulsion for strong nuclear force?

A

< 0.5 fm

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10
Q

What is weak nuclear force used for?

A

Beta +/- decay

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11
Q

What is the exchange particle for weak nuclear force?

A

W+ / W- boson

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12
Q

What is the use of electromagnetic force?

A

Allows charged particles to attract or repel

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13
Q

What is the exchange particle for electromagnetic force? What is its use?

A

Virtual photon

Carries electromagnetic force between charged particles

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14
Q

What is the exchange particle for gravity?

A

Graviton

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15
Q

What is the definition of photoelectric effect?

A

When e-are emitted from the surface of a metal when light shines on it

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16
Q

What is the definition of ground state?

A

Where e- exsist @ standard conditions

17
Q

What is the definition of excited state?

A

When an atom absorbs E so e- moves up a shell

18
Q

What is stopping potential?

A

E min required to stop e- being emitted from the surface of a metal

19
Q

What is de brois hypothesis?

A

1) matter particles have a dual wave-particle nature

2) wave like behaviour is characterised by its de brois wavelength

20
Q

What must be conserved in a reaction?

A

1) quark no.
2) baryon no.
3) lepton no.
4) strangeness ( unless it’s a weak interaction )
5) energy, charge, mass, momentum