Topic Test

Question 1

ecosystem

Answer 1

the interaction of biotic (living) things and abiotic (non-living) things in a given area.

Question 2

community

Answer 2

a mix of different populations living in the same place at the same time

Question 3

population

Answer 3

the same species living in the same place at the same time.

Question 4

examples of biotic factors

Answer 4

animals, plants, trees, grass

Question 5

examples of abiotic factors

Answer 5

rock, water, air, dirt, sun

Question 6

what is xylem

Answer 6

transports water from roots to leaves. transpiration

Question 7

what is phloem

Answer 7

transports energy from leaves to the rest of the plant. translocation

Question 8

stoma

Answer 8

allow CO2 to enter the plant and let out O2.

Question 9

guard cells

Answer 9

open and close the stoma

Question 10

mesophyll

Answer 10

where photosynthesis occurs, and contains chloroplasts.

Question 11

different plant structures

Answer 11

leaves, stems, roots

Question 12

organelles involved in photosynthesis

Answer 12

mitochondria, chloroplasts

Question 13

where does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 13

chloroplasts

Question 14

photosynthesis equation

Answer 14

H2O + CO2 = O2 + Glucose

Question 15

Where does cellular respiration occur?

Answer 15

Cytoplasm

Question 16

what is the purpose of cellular respiration?

Answer 16

the process of releasing stored energy in glucose for life functions

Question 17

aerobic equation:

Answer 17

O2 + glucose = CO2 + H2O + ATP

Question 18

what is ATP

Answer 18

ATP is the molecules that cells use for energy.

Question 19

where does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 19

cytoplasm

Question 20

anaerobic respiration equation: animals

Answer 20

glucose = lactic acid + atp

Question 21

anaerobic respiration equation: yeast

Answer 21

glucose = ethanol + CO2 + ATP

Question 22

differences between the food chain and foodweb?

Answer 22

a food chain is more linear and shows a simple path of energy transfer. a food web is more complex and shows all the possible pathways for energy transfer.

Question 23

what does the arrow represent?

Answer 23

the direction of energy transfer.

Question 24

what is a decomposer?

Answer 24

an organism that breaks down dead matter into minerals and nutrients that can be used by plants

Question 25

why is only 10% energy transferred?

Answer 25

because the other 90% is lost in heat energy such as the digestion process, movement and waste.

Question 26

trophic pyramid key points

Answer 26

• tertiary needs to consume more to meet energy needs
• the higher up the pyramid, the less energy is lost by heat.

Question 27

what is producers/autotrophs?

Answer 27

they create their own food in the form of energy by the process of photosynthesis

Question 28

what is consumers?

Answer 28

consumers rely on producers and other organisms for a source of energy as they cannot create their own energy.

Question 29

natural impacts on the ecosystem and how it affects

Answer 29

wildfire = burn down the natural habitat and kill plant and animals
floods = increase in population in ecosystems and cause erosion

Question 30

human impacts on the ecosystem and how it affects

Answer 30

deforestation: striping animals of their natural habitat
hunting: less animals for other animals to eat.