topic one - human interactions - global connections - human rights - miss roberts

Question 1

define ‘human rights’

Answer 1

the basic rights & freedom that belong to every person in the world

Question 2

state three versions of human rights?

Answer 2

everyone is entitled to all of the rights no-matter who you are
everyone has the right to return & leave the country
everyone has the right to express their own opinion

Question 3

three limitations of a choropleth map?

Answer 3

colour blind people
not evenly distributed
not widen enough blend across the countries

Question 4

what’s an NGO?

Answer 4

a non-governmental organisation

Question 5

is the UN an international organisation, what organisation is it not?

Answer 5

yes, it’s not an NGO because they listen and are funded by the government

Question 6

define ‘humanitarian intervention’

Answer 6

when shocking human rights abuses are deemed a threat to international peace & security

Question 7

define ‘geopolitics’

Answer 7

the global balance of political power & international relations

Question 8

define ‘forced labour’

Answer 8

any work which people are coerced to do against their will under the threat of some form punishment or by more subtle means such as accumulated death

Question 9

what’s slavery like in the global chain?

Answer 9

forced labour is a global problem, the regional distribution of forced labour:
Asia & pacific - 11.7 million (56%)
Africa - 3.7 million (18%)
Latin America and the Caribbean - 1.8 million (9%)

Question 10

define ‘maternal mortality rate’

Answer 10

the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy

Question 11

where do most maternal deaths occur?

Answer 11

in developing countries e.g. Thailand, Mexico, Malaysia

Question 12

factors influencing maternal mortality rates?

Answer 12

women in developing countries have, on average, many more pregnancies than women in developed
countries

highest rate in young adolescents

Question 13

define ‘capital punishment’

Answer 13

also known as the death penalty, is a government - sanctioned practice where by a person is killed by the state as a punishment for crime

Question 14

define ‘gender equality’

Answer 14

the concept that women & men, girls & boys have equal conditions, treatment & opportunities

Question 15

define ‘the gender inequality index’ and what are the three aspects?

Answer 15

this is a composite index devised by the united nations, it measures gender inequalities related to there aspects of social & economic development, these are:

reproductive health - measured by maternal mortality ratio & adolescent birth rates

empowerment - measured by proportion of parliamentary seats occupied by females & males over 25

the labour force participation rate - female and male population who are 15 & older

Question 16

explain why there are variations in patterns of gender inequality?

Answer 16

education opportunity

gender inequality in education tends to favour males

there have been improvement in females enrolment, especially after the UNDHR (universal declaration of human rights)

Question 17

barriers to girls schooling?

Answer 17

politically -
insufficient government investment
inadequate legislation

socially -
household obligations often fall on the eldest girl when the family burden of work increases because of males being migrated for child marriage

economic -
insufficient government investments
costs may prohibit all the children in a family from continuing in education however it is usually girls that suffer

Question 18

define ‘employment opportunities’

Answer 18

is measured by the ratio of females to males within a country’s working population (15 & above) that engages in the labour market

Question 19

what does ‘ignorance of age’ mean

Answer 19

literacy, home birthing & lack of awareness,birthdates are rarely recorded

where girls are controlled by there sexuality and there is pressure to marry early

Question 20

name and expand on social factors affecting gender inequality?

Answer 20

education - only 40% of girls stay on to do secondary education, without this education they may be illiterate meaning finding it hard to get a good job, leading to less women in power creating decisions

healthcare - without access to healthcare many women may struggle with illnesses and can eventually die from this, causing the male population to overuse females but also mean an overall higher death rate for India

Question 21

name and expand on economic factors affecting gender inequality?

Answer 21

in the workplace maternity benefits denied - in Delhi only 25% return to work, once the women has given birth it is solely their responsibility, leading to many women unable to work/earn money, therefore not having an input or being able to provide for their family

pay gap - as well as the point above the pay gap can also lead to gender inequality as men still earn more than women in the same job, not only this as it is way harder for women to get a job other men in certain areas of work, as women are still being discriminated in the workplace e.g. a women and man both applying for the same mechanical job however, the employees picking the male candidate before even reviewing the CV’s because he is supposedly stronger

Question 22

name and expand on political factors affecting gender inequality?

Answer 22

lack of women in government and only 11% of women in parliament, this leads to less women being able to make important decisions such as laws to stop gender inequality as well as making these decisions having women in power will be able to contribute to things is such as women equally having voting opportunities

Question 23

name the three responses to women’s rights and what they do?

Answer 23

incentive schemes e.g. our daughter our wealth.
when girls are born the government pays them and again if they aren’t married by 18, this helps girls stay in school

adolescent empowerment programmes e.g. sabla to induce behaviour change throughout awareness

Beijing platform for action - happened in 1995 pleaded to remove gender inequality, 189 countries joined and participated

Question 24

what are refugees?

Answer 24

people who are forced to leave where they live due to natural disasters or to escape war

Question 25

define global government?

Answer 25

how global affairs are managed typically local, regional and national organisations

Question 26

study the Afghanistan case study?

Answer 26

review notes

Question 27

where is Honduras?

Answer 27

a country in the central of America, between Guatemala and El Salvador

Question 28

define intervention?

Answer 28

this is a state’s use of military force against another state to end human rights violations in that state

Question 29

state three positives of intervention?

Answer 29

improved transport system makes physical access to services easier

education and equality increase

provision of shelter, sanitations, food and water (Oxfam/save the child)

Question 30

state three negatives of intervention?

Answer 30

disruption in services e.g. education and healthcare

population displacement (refugee)

destruction of infrastructure

Question 31

reasons for instability in honduras?

Answer 31

two party system with limited choice (undemocratic) from 1981 until 2005 when Manuel Zelaya was elected.

zelaya started taking the country back to a dictatorship,
broadcasting propaganda on TV each evening and
changing laws to remove democratic freedoms but did also try and improve the lives of ordinary people.

in 2009 Zelaya was ousted in a coup (backed by the USA)

Question 32

positives of Honduras’s interventions?

Answer 32

children aren’t joining gangs, getting a good education for future goals

Question 33

negatives of Honduras’s interventions?

Answer 33

can’t earn money for there family

Question 34

name two HR issues in Honduras?

Answer 34

unlawful use of force and corruption by the police

killing in rural areas over land disputes

Question 35

name a global governance strategy?

Answer 35

aiming to build a stronger human rights culture and implement the Honduras

Question 36

state the opportunities in stability in Honduras?

Answer 36

political stability is being achieved with US support for anti-corruption and free and fair elections

Question 37

study India cases study on women’s rights?

Answer 37

case study booklet

Question 38

revise Honduras’s case study on impact of global governance?

Answer 38

review booklet

Question 39

two positives of chloroplath maps?

Answer 39

shows clear patterns

global view

Question 40

define UNDHR?

Answer 40

universal declaration of human rights - a document making human rights universally protected

Question 41

an example of human rights norms?

Answer 41

Dnndn

Question 42

how can gender equality be measured?

Answer 42

maternal mortality rates

proportion of women in parliament seats

Question 43

disadvantages of global governance?

Answer 43

can cause issues if government in that area isn’t co-operative

population displacement

Question 44

what is a positive short-term effect of global governance?

Answer 44

positive effect on country’s economic growth and employment

Question 45

what are the environmental reasons for violations in human rights?

Answer 45

right to life - soil degradation and deforestation

Question 46

social reasons for violations in human rights?

Answer 46

evicting people from their homes - the right to adequate housing

lack of education - right to learn

Question 47

political reason for violations of human rights?

Answer 47

right to vote - note allowed to vote or protest

Question 48

economic reasons for violations of human rights?

Answer 48

contaminating water - right to health