topic cell biology, sub topic cells

Question 1

What are the two main types of cells?

Answer 1

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, while Eukaryotic cells are complex.

Question 2

What are the building blocks of every organism on the planet?

Answer 2

Cells

All living things are made of cells.

Question 3

What do Eukaryotic cells include?

Answer 3

Animal and plant cells

Eukaryotic cells are complex.

Question 4

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Answer 4

Contains genetic material

The genetic material controls what the cell does.

Question 5

Where do most chemical reactions happen in a cell?

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

It is the site for various metabolic processes.

Question 6

What controls what goes in and out of the cell?

Answer 6

Cell membrane

This structure is crucial for maintaining homeostasis.

Question 7

Where does most aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 7

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Question 8

What are ribosomes responsible for in a cell?

Answer 8

Making proteins

Ribosomes can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 9

What additional structures do plant cells have compared to animal cells?

Answer 9

• Cell wall
• Permanent vacuole
• Chloroplasts

The cell wall supports and strengthens the cell, while chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis.

Question 10

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 10

Where photosynthesis happens

Photosynthesis makes food for the plant.

Question 11

What structures do bacterial cells have?

Answer 11

• Single loop of DNA
• Cell membrane
• Cell wall
• Cytoplasm
• Plasmids

Bacteria do not have a ‘true’ nucleus.

Question 12

How can you estimate the area of a subcellular structure?

Answer 12

Treat it like a regular shape

For example, the area of a rectangle is found by the formula: length x width.

Question 13

Estimate the area of a mitochondrion that is 10 µm long and 1 µm wide.

Answer 13

10 µm²

Area is calculated as length x width.

Question 14

True or False: All bacterial cells have a nucleus.

Answer 14

False

Bacteria do not have a ‘true’ nucleus.

Question 15

What is the primary role of the cell wall in plant cells?

Answer 15

Supports and strengthens the cell

The cell wall is made of cellulose.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The __________ is where proteins are made in the cell.

Answer 16

Ribosome

Ribosomes can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 17

What is a permanent vacuole?

Answer 17

Contains cell sap

This structure is typically found in plant cells.