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Physics Gcse > Topic 9- Circuits > Flashcards

Topic 9- Circuits Flashcards

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1
Q

P.D

A

Driving force that pushes charge round circuit

Energy transferred per coulomb of charge that passes between two points in circuit.

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2
Q

Series: current PD and resistance

A

Current: same for all components
P.D: split across components
Resistance: resistance increase as you add resistors

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3
Q

Parallel: current P.D resistance

A

Current: shared between components
P.D: same across components
Resistance: (1 divided by resistor) + (1 divided by another resistor)

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4
Q

Graph for P.D against I for resistors, wires, thermistors, LDR

A

Current is directly proportional to P.D
Ther: higher temp- steeper line
LDR: brighter light- steeper line

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5
Q

Filament lamp P.D against I

A

Non-linear
Increasing current increases temp of lamp. Increasing temp increases resistance which decreases current.
Graph is curved

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6
Q

Diode P.D against I graph

A

Current only flows through diode in one direction
Very high resistance in opposite direction
Steep line to the right

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7
Q

Fuse

A

Will melt if too much current goes through- safety feature

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8
Q

Live wire

A

Brown
Carries voltage
230V
Electricity flows in

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9
Q

Neutral wire

A

Blue
Completes circuit
0V
Electricity flows out

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10
Q

Earth wire

A

Green and yellow

Carries current away if something goes wrong + stops appliance casing becoming live.

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11
Q

P.D between live wire and neutral wire

A

230V

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12
Q

P.D between neutral wire and earth wire

A

0V

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13
Q

Frequency of mains electricity

A

50Hz

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14
Q

UK mains electricity

A

230V

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15
Q

Direct current

A

The flow of electric charge in one direction
Straight line
Batteries

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16
Q

Alternating current

A

A current that changes direction periodically
Up and down line
Mains electricity

17
Q

Why does resistance increase as heat of component increases. Why does this decrease the current?

A

Electrons moving forwards colliding with ions moving backwards
The more current flowing through, the more collisions so the more the ions vibrate so the component heats.
If the component heats, the ions vibrate more leading to more collisions with electrons. Less electrons can get past so the current decreases. The resistance increases.

Physics Gcse (15 decks)

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