Topic 9: Bryophytes

Question 1

Distinctive features shared by all bryophytes

Answer 1

1. lack of xylem and phloem
2. absence of lignin in the cell walls
3. dominant and conspicous gametophyte in the life cycle

Question 2

three phyla of bryophytes

Answer 2

• Hepatophyta (liverworts)
• Anthocerophyta (Hornworts)
• Bryophyta (Mosses)

Question 3

large ventral scales

Answer 3

multicellular flaps of tissue that protect the rhizoids and the underside of the thallus

Question 4

Gemmae

Answer 4

dispersed by outside forces and when they comes to rest on a stuuitable surface, they germinate and give rise to a new gametophyte plant body that is genetically identical to the parent plant; haploid

Question 5

air pores

Answer 5

pores through which gases are exchanged with the photosynthetic layer

Question 6

archegoniophore

Answer 6

umbrella-like structure with finger like margins that produces, bears and elevates archegonia

Question 7

antheridium

Answer 7

contains spermatogenous tissue which will give rise to sperm; haploid

Question 8

paraphyses

Answer 8

trap water around the archegonia and thereby help ensure fertilization