Topic 8 – Exchange and Transport in Animals-Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
A process that releases energy in the form of ATP from the breakdown of organic compounds (e.g. glucose)
What is ATP?
● Short term energy store in all cells
● Universal energy carrier
Why must respiration occur continuously in living cells?
ATP is required for many essential processes in living cells e.g. movement, homeostasis, and active transport.
What type of reaction is respiration?
It is an exothermic reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
Where do plants get the glucose required for respiration?
They produce their own glucose during photosynthesis.
Where do animals get the glucose required for respiration?
From the breakdown of carbohydrates that they have ingested
What are the two types of respiration?
● Aerobic respiration
● Anaerobic respiration
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration in the presence of oxygen that forms ATP from the breakdown of glucose
Write the word equation for aerobic respiration glucose
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ATP)
Write the symbol equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ATP)
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration that takes place without oxygen and forms ATP from the breakdown of glucose
When may anaerobic respiration take place in human cells?
During vigorous exercise
When may anaerobic respiration take place in plant cells?
If the soil becomes waterlogged
Write the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells
glucose → lactic acid (+ ATP)
Why may anaerobic respiration in muscle cells eventually stop?
Lactic acid build-up inhibits anaerobic respiration
