Topic 8: Dynamic Earth

Question 1

Lithosphere

Answer 1

The upper part of the earth’s layers consisting of the crust and upper mantle

Question 2

Asthenosphere

Answer 2

The upper layer in the mantle in which there is a plastic flow of magma

Question 3

Mantle

Answer 3

The layer between the crust and the core and consists of hot rocks

Question 4

Core

Answer 4

The core is a giant sphere made of iron and nickel in which is believed to spin that creates heat

Question 5

Seismic Waves

Answer 5

Waves in which they can travel through the earth caused by earthquakes

Question 6

Continental Drift

Answer 6

Movement of the plates in the earths crust

Question 7

Pangaea

Answer 7

All the continents when they were joined together

Question 8

Panthalassa

Answer 8

The large sea that surrounded pangaea

Question 9

Plate Tectonics

Answer 9

The theory behind the movement of the continental plates

Question 10

Mantle

Answer 10

A thick layer below the crust consisting of liquid rock

Question 11

Convection Current

Answer 11

Circular movement that occurs when warmer, less dense fluid particles rise and cooler, denser fluid particles sink

Question 12

Continental Crust

Answer 12

The plates of the earths crust that makes land

Question 13

Oceanic Crust

Answer 13

A thin layer of crust found at the bottom of deep oceans consisting of rocks such as basalt

Question 14

Boundaries

Answer 14

The edge of tectonic plates

Question 15

Subduction

Answer 15

Process in which two tectonic plates push against each other, and oceanic crust sinks below the less dense continental crust

Question 16

Destructive Plate Boundaries

Answer 16

A boundary where two plates collide

Question 17

Constructive Plate Boundaries

Answer 17

Plates that creates land from the cooling of magma

Question 18

Ocean Ridges

Answer 18

When plates move apart and form underwater volcanoes from the release of magma

Question 19

Conservative Plate Boundaries

Answer 19

Where two plates slide against each other

Question 20

Laurasia & Gondwanaland

Answer 20

The name of the two smaller continents broke apart 200 million years ago

Question 21

Hotspots

Answer 21

A place where activity occurs

Question 22

Tremor

Answer 22

Vibration of the earths surface

Question 23

Epicentre

Answer 23

The point at which seismic waves strikes first

Question 24

Focus

Answer 24

The point in a fault where the earthquake begins

Question 25

Triangulation

Answer 25

The point were three seismographs detect an earthquake

Question 26

Seismograph

Answer 26

A machine which records seismic waves

Question 27

Richter Scale

Answer 27

The scale that records the amount of energy in an earthquake

Question 28

P Waves

Answer 28

The first wave of a tremor which is the fastest and strongest wave that can travel through solids and liquids

Question 29

S waves

Answer 29

The second wave of a tremor which is half speed and strength of a primary wave and can only travel through liquid