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Year 9 Science Semester 1 > Topic 3: Systems > Flashcards

Topic 3: Systems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nervous System

A

The system which sends electrical then chemical systems through nerves to help an organ

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2
Q

Central Nervous System

A

The part of the nervous system that is composed of the brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Made up of sensory and motor neurone which connects the central nervous system to the body and is able to detect change

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4
Q

Electrical impulses

A

The form that messages sent from the central nervous are found in which travels through the peripheral nervous system

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5
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical released from the axon terminals into the synapse between your nerve cells (neurons) during a nerve impulse

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6
Q

Synapses

A

The gap between adjoining neurons across which electrical nervous impulses are sent

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7
Q

Endocrine System

A

The system responsible for releasing hormones into the body

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8
Q

Endocrine Glands

A

The glands that produce hormones

Eg. Pancreas

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9
Q

Hormones

A

A chemical substance that is produced in the endocrine glands and is given to the body through the circulatory system with each hormone having a different effect

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10
Q

Respiratory System

A

The system responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide

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11
Q

Trachea

A

The narrow tube lined with cartilage that passes air through to the lungs and out of the lungs

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12
Q

Lungs

A

A major body organ that is responsible for gas exchange

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13
Q

Bronchi and Bronchioles

A

Thin narrow tubes within the lungs that pass air through to the alveoli

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14
Q

Alveoli

A

The part at the end of the bronchioles which is lined with capillaries and is responsible for taking out carbon dioxide from the blood stream and replacing it with oxygen

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15
Q

Capillaries

A

The thin blood vessels that connect arteries to veins and supplies cells with both oxygen and glucose

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16
Q

Circulatory System

A

The system responsible for transporting hormones, nutrients and oxygen around the body in order for cells to respire

17
Q

Digestive System

A

The system responsible for extracting nutrients from food in order for cells to produce glucose

18
Q

Enzymes

A

Special chemicals in which help speed up reactions but are themselves not used up in the reaction

19
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

The chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

20
Q

Digestion

A

The process of converting large food molecules into small molecules for the body to use

21
Q

Salivary Glands

A

Glands located in the mouth which produce saliva that contains amylase

22
Q

Mechanical Digestion

A

Digestion that involves physically breaking down food

23
Q

Chemical Digestion

A

Digestion that involves chemically digesting food

24
Q

Oesophagus

A

A long tube lined in muscles that connects the mouth to the stomach

25
Q

Peristalisis

A

The process of pushing down food in the oesophagus

26
Q

Small Intestine

A

The intestine which absorbs nutrients from food

27
Q

Absorption

A

The process of extracting nutrients from food

28
Q

Villi

A

Tiny finger like things that are lined across the small intestine responsible for absorbing nutrients

29
Q

Colon

A

Sections of the large intestine that absorbs water

30
Q

Large Intestine

A

A long tube responsible for absorbing liquids and vitamins

31
Q

Cellulose

A

A natural substance responsible for keeping plant cells rigid

32
Q

Rectum

A

A temporary storage site of faecal waste

33
Q

Anus

A

The final part of the digestive track which releases faeces

34
Q

Gall bladder

A

Responsible for storing bile produced by the liver

35
Q

Bile

A

A substance that is responsible for converting fats into small molecules

36
Q

Lipases

A

An enzyme responsible for breaking down fats

37
Q

Amylase

A

The enzyme responsible for breaking down carbohydrates

38
Q

Protease

A

The enzyme responsible for breaking down protein

39
Q

Pancreas

A

An organ that produces enzymes to assist in the breakdown of foods

Year 9 Science Semester 1 (4 decks)

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