Topic 8 - B - 1 - Genome Projects unfinished Flashcards
What is a genome?
All of the genetic material in an organism
What is a proteome?
All of the proteins that are made by an organism
What is the Human Genome Project?
The entire sequence of the human genome was mapped out for the first time. It was completed in 2003 and started in 1990
What was the aim of the human genome project?
To improve our understanding of the genetic factors in human disease in order to develop new ways to diagnose and treat diseases.
Why is having the complete human genome sequence useful?
It means genes causing inherited diseases can be found in days rather than the years it took previously.
What do you have to do before you sequence a genome?
Gene sequencing methods only work on DNA fragments so you have to chop the DNA into smaller pieces in order to sequence the genome.
What happens to DNA fragments in order to sequence a genome?
The small DNA fragments are sequenced and put back in order to give the sequence of the whole genome
What is non-coding DNA?
DNA that does not code for any amino acids
Why is it easy to determine a proteome from the DNA sequence of the genome of a simple organism (e.g. bacteria)?
Because they do not have a lot of non-coding DNA