Topic 8 - B - 1 - Genome Projects unfinished

Question 1

What is a genome?

Answer 1

All of the genetic material in an organism

Question 2

What is a proteome?

Answer 2

All of the proteins that are made by an organism

Question 3

What is the Human Genome Project?

Answer 3

The entire sequence of the human genome was mapped out for the first time. It was completed in 2003 and started in 1990

Question 4

What was the aim of the human genome project?

Answer 4

To improve our understanding of the genetic factors in human disease in order to develop new ways to diagnose and treat diseases.

Question 5

Why is having the complete human genome sequence useful?

Answer 5

It means genes causing inherited diseases can be found in days rather than the years it took previously.

Question 6

What do you have to do before you sequence a genome?

Answer 6

Gene sequencing methods only work on DNA fragments so you have to chop the DNA into smaller pieces in order to sequence the genome.

Question 7

What happens to DNA fragments in order to sequence a genome?

Answer 7

The small DNA fragments are sequenced and put back in order to give the sequence of the whole genome

Question 8

What is non-coding DNA?

Answer 8

DNA that does not code for any amino acids

Question 9

Why is it easy to determine a proteome from the DNA sequence of the genome of a simple organism (e.g. bacteria)?

Answer 9

Because they do not have a lot of non-coding DNA