Topic 8 - B - 1 - Genome Projects unfinished Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a genome?

A

All of the genetic material in an organism

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2
Q

What is a proteome?

A

All of the proteins that are made by an organism

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3
Q

What is the Human Genome Project?

A

The entire sequence of the human genome was mapped out for the first time. It was completed in 2003 and started in 1990

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4
Q

What was the aim of the human genome project?

A

To improve our understanding of the genetic factors in human disease in order to develop new ways to diagnose and treat diseases.

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5
Q

Why is having the complete human genome sequence useful?

A

It means genes causing inherited diseases can be found in days rather than the years it took previously.

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6
Q

What do you have to do before you sequence a genome?

A

Gene sequencing methods only work on DNA fragments so you have to chop the DNA into smaller pieces in order to sequence the genome.

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7
Q

What happens to DNA fragments in order to sequence a genome?

A

The small DNA fragments are sequenced and put back in order to give the sequence of the whole genome

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8
Q

What is non-coding DNA?

A

DNA that does not code for any amino acids

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9
Q

Why is it easy to determine a proteome from the DNA sequence of the genome of a simple organism (e.g. bacteria)?

A

Because they do not have a lot of non-coding DNA

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