Topic 7 - Muscle of the Leg and Foot

Question 1

What are the proximal and distal actions of the Tibialis Anterior?

Answer 1

Proximal Attachments:

• Lateral proximal 2/3 of tibia
• Adjacent Interosseous membrane

Distal Attachments:

• Plantar surface of the medial cuneiform

Question 2

What are the actions of the Tibialis Anterior?

Answer 2

Dorsiflexion at the talocrural joint and inversion of the foot at the subtalar joint

Question 3

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?

Answer 3

Proximal Attachments:

• Middle 1/2 anterior fibula
• Adjacent interosseous membrane

Distal Attachments:

• Dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of digit 1

Question 4

What are the actions of Extensor Hallucis Longus?

Answer 4

Extends great toe and dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

Question 5

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

Answer 5

Proximal Attachments:

• Proximal 2/3 anterior fibula
• Adjacent interosseous membrane
• Lateral condyle of tibia

Distal Attachments:

• Bases of middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 via dorsal digital expansion (extensor aponeurosis/ hood)

Question 6

What are the actions of Extensor Digitorum Longus?

Answer 6

• Extends second, third, fourth and little toe

- Dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

Question 7

What are the proximal and distal attachments for Peroneus Tertius?

Answer 7

Proximal Attachments:

• Anterior distal 1/4 of fibula
• Adjacent interosseous membrane

Distal Attachments:

• Dorsal surface of base of metatarsal 5

Question 8

What are the actions of Peroneus Tertius?

Answer 8

• Dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

- Assists in eversion of foot at subtler and transverse tarsal joints

Question 9

What are the proximal and distal attachments for Peroneus Longus?

Answer 9

Proximal attachments:

• Lateral surface proximal 2/3 and head of fibula

Distal Attachments:

• Medial Cuneiform
• Base of metatarsal 1

Question 10

What are the proximal and distal attachments for Peroneus Brevis?

Answer 10

Proximal attachments:

• Lateral surface distal 2/3 of fibula

Distal attachments:

• Tuberosity on base of metatarsal 5

Question 11

What are the proximal and distal attachments for Gastrocnemius?

Answer 11

Proximal attachments:

• Posterior aspect of the medial and lateral femoral condyles
• Capsule of knee joint

Distal attachments:

• Posterior Calcaneus (via tendocalcaneus)

Question 12

What are the proximal and distal attachments for Soleus?

Answer 12

Proximal attachments:

• Soleal line and posterior surface of the tibia
• Posterior surface upper third of fibula

Distal attachments:

• Posterior Calcaneus (via tendocalcaneus)

Question 13

What are the proximal and distal attachments for plantaris?

Answer 13

Proximal:

• Lateral supracondylar ridge of the femur
• Knee joint capsule

Distal:

• Posterior calcaneus

Question 14

What are the proximal and distal attachments Popliteus?

Answer 14

Proximal:

• Lateral condyle of the femur
• Lateral meniscus of the knee

Distal:

• Posterior tibia above the Soleal Line

Question 15

What are the proximal and distal attachments Tibialis Posterior?

Answer 15

Proximal attachments:

• • Proximal hold of the posterior tibia below the solar line
• Proximal tow thirds of the fibula
• Adjacent interosseus membrane

Distal:

• Tubercle of the navicular
• Tendinous expansions connect to all tarsal bones (except the talus) and the bases of the middle three metatarsals

Question 16

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the Flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 16

Proximal Attachments:

• Proximal half of the medial tibia below the solar line

Distal Attachments:

• Plantar surface of the base of the distal phalanx digits 2 -5

Question 17

What are the proximal and distal attachments Flexor Hallucis Longus?

Answer 17

Proximal Attachments:

• Lower two thirds of the posterior fibula

Distal Attachments:

• Plantar surface of the base of the distal phalanx of digit 1