Topic 7 Ethics in research Flashcards
Belmont report
3 principles
a. Respect for person
i. Respect for people’s autonomy (self-will)
b. Beneficence
i. Do no harm
c. Justice
i. Those who participate in research should also benefit from it
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
- Approves all research on humans
a. Checks for technical validity
b. Minimizes participant risk
c. Risk benefit relationship - Minimum of five members
a. Including one non-scientist
b. One that is not affiliated w/ the institution - Approval is by simple majority
- Review can be full, expedited or exempt (types of IRB review)
Types of IRB reviews:
Full
i. most studies receive full review
ii. full IRB committee
Types of IRB reviews:
Expedited
i. Does not require full committee
ii. Faster than full review
iii. Minimal risk to participants
Types of IRB reviews:
Exempt
i. Very minimal or no risk to participants
What is informed consent?
- Requires the capacity to give consent not assent (expression)
a. When incapable, assent (willingness to participate) and consent a legal guardian - Participants are given enough information to make assessment of risk and benefits
- Should not be obtained through coercion
- Codes 3.10, 8.01-8.05
Informed Consent
What does a written informed consent documents contain in everyday language?
a. Consent- legally given permission to participate
b. Purpose of the research
c. Right to decline to participate and to withdraw
d. Foreseeable consequences of declining or withdrawing
e. Risks and benefits to subject
f. Incentive for participation
g. Guarantee of privacy
h. Contact information of investigator
Informed Consent
What is needed for treatment research?
a. Experimental nature of treatment
b. Services to control groups
c. How are participants being assigned?
d. Treatment alternative
e. Compensation
Deception:
- Only used if non-deceptive alternative procedures aren’t feasible
- Can’t be performed if it will cause physical or emotional stress
- Deception should be explained to participants as soon as possible
What is debriefing?
a. Participants told the TRUE purpose to
i. Increase their understanding and
ii. Remove possible harmful effects of deception
APA Ethics Code:
Beneficence and Nonmalfience
IDK
APA Ethics Code:
Fidelity and Responsibility
IDK
APA Ethics Code:
Integrity
IDK
APA Ethics Code:
Justice
IDK
APA Ethics Code:
Respect for people’s rights and dignity
IDK
